meta|Evidence - COVID-19
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hydroxychloroquine (n=154) vs. placebo (n=46)
randomized controlled trial high risk of bias
one to three received HCQ in various doses
placebo
Group 1 participants (n=48) were intervened with HCQ 400 mg twice a day on day 1 followed by 400 mg weekly. Group 2 (n=51) with HCQ 400 mg once every three weeks, Group 3 (n=55) with HCQ 200 mg once every three weeks
COVID-19 prophylaxis (excluding children)
double-blind
Pakistan
hydroxychloroquine (n=231) vs. placebo (n=223)
randomized controlled trial some concerns about risk of bias
Daily hydroxychloroquine for 12 weeks
placebo
COVID-19 prophylaxis (excluding children)
double blind
Spain, Bolivia, and Venezuela
2x2 factorial design but analyzed as 4 groups
hydroxychloroquine (n=142) vs. placebo (n=127)
randomized controlled trial high risk of bias
hydroxychloroquine
400mg/d for the first 4 days and subsequently, 400mg weekly during the study period.
placebo
COVID-19 prophylaxis (excluding children)
double blind
3 hospitals centers, Barcelona
hydroxychloroquine (n=414) vs. placebo (n=407)
randomized controlled trial low risk of bias
hydroxychloroquine
hydroxychloroquine (800 mg once, followed by 600 mg in 6 to 8 hours, then 600 mg daily for 4 additional days)
placebo
folate
COVID-19 prophylaxis (excluding children)
adults who had household or occupational exposure to someone with confirmed Covid-19 at a distance of less than 6 ft for more than 10 minutes while wearing neither a face mask nor an eye shield (high-risk exposure) or while wearing a face mask but no eye shield (moderate-risk exposure)
double-blind
United States, Canada
prematurely stopped at the third interim analysis for futility
hydroxychloroquine (n=495) vs. placebo (n=494)
randomized controlled trial low risk of bias
hydroxychloroquine
hydroxychloroquine:loading dose of 400mg (two 200mg tablets) twice separated by 6-8 hours thereafter 400mg twice weekly for 12 weeks
placebo
placebo
3 arms : hydroxychloroquine 400mg weekly ; hyrdoxychloroquine 400mg twice weekly ; placebo
COVID-19 prophylaxis (excluding children)
persons working in emergency departments, persons working in intensive care units, persons performing aerosol generating procedures, first responders
double-blind, randomized
USA Canada
hydroxychloroquine (n=65) vs. placebo (n=65)
randomized controlled trial some concerns about risk of bias
Hydroxychloroquine
Hydroxychloroquine 200mg per day for 60 days.
Placebo
COVID-19 prophylaxis (excluding children)
Healthcare workers (nurses, nursing aides, cleaning staff, orderlies, respiratory therapists and physicians) 18 years old or older, with high-risk exposure to SARS-Cov-2 as they were taking care of hospitalized patients with COVID19. At baseline, included subjects had to be asymptomatic with a negative PCR-RT SARS-CoV2 test. Subjects with previous SARS-CoV2 infection or actual consumers of hydroxychloroquine or chloroquine (a 30 day wash out period was allowed) were excluded.
Double-blind.
Single center; National Institute of Respiratory Diseases (INER), Mexico.
In the register, PE was the rate of symptomatic COVID-19 infection. All subjects were asked to report their symptoms daily via an online survey, with reminders and links being sent with a popular phone application (WhatsApp) to the phone number provided in the baseline evaluation. Subjects were also encouraged to contact the research team directly in case of a probable COVID-19 or adverse event symptom. A new RT-PCR for SARS-COV-2 was performed if subjects presented with COVID19 symptoms.
Study failed to complete estimated sample size. Trial was suspended due to a drastic reduction of recruitment rythm and a lack of benefit of hydroxychloroquine reported from other trials.
hydroxychloroquine (n=66) vs. placebo (n=66)
randomized controlled trial some concerns about risk of bias
hydroxychloroquine
600 mg once a day for 2 months
placebo
COVID-19 prophylaxis (excluding children)
double blind
2 tertiary urban hospitals,USA
early termination for futility
early termination for futility
hydroxychloroquine (n=407) vs. placebo (n=422)
randomized controlled trial low risk of bias
hydroxychloroquine
hydrochloroquine 400 mg orally daily for 3 days, then 200 mg orally daily for 11 days
placebo
ascorbic acid 500 mg orally daily for 3 days, then 250 mg orally daily for 11 days
prophylaxis
COVID-19 prophylaxis (excluding children)
close contact defined as: household contact, medical staff who cared for the index case without personal protectionaccess to device and internet for telehealth visits are require
single blind
7 centres, USA
pharmacist was unblinded, but the participants, investigators, laboratory technicians, and study team members were blinded to participant allocation
hydroxychloroquine (n=65) vs. placebo (n=65)
- risk of bias NA
hydroxychloroquine
Hydroxychloroquine - 600 mg, daily
COVID-19 prophylaxis (excluding children)
double-blind
2 centers ; USA
After the second preplanned. The trial was terminated early for futility before reaching a plannedenrollment of 200 participants
hydroxychloroquine (n=683) vs. placebo (n=676)
randomized controlled trial some concerns about risk of bias
hydroxychloroquine
loading dose of HCQ 600 mg twice on Day 1 followed by 400 mg daily for 29 days
placebo
COVID-19 prophylaxis (excluding children)
double blind, randomized
34 clinical centers in the United States
Enrollment for the study was closed before full accrual due to difficulties recruiting additional participants
hydroxychloroquine (n=1116) vs. standard of care (n=1198)
randomized controlled trial some concerns about risk of bias
hydroxychloroquine 800mg once, followed by 400mg daily for 6 days
standard of care
COVID-19 prophylaxis (excluding children)
open-label
Catalonia, Spain
hydroxychloroquine (n=432) vs. vitamin C (n=619)
randomized controlled trial high risk of bias
42-day prophylaxis regimen of oral hydroxychloroquine (400 mg once, followed by 200 mg/day)
oral vitamin C, 500 mg/day.
COVID-19 prophylaxis (excluding children)
open-label
Singapore
cluster randomisation
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