meta|Evidence - COVID-19
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nitazoxanide (n=238) vs. placebo (n=237)
randomized controlled trial high risk of bias
Nitazoxanide
500 mg oral solution, 20 mg/mL (25 mL), three times daily ( 8/8hours) for 5 days.
Placebo
Placebo 8/8 hours for 5 days in the early clinical phase of COVID-19.
Placebo and nitazoxanide were color-matched.
COVID-19 mild to moderate
Consecutive adult patients (aged 18 years or older) who presented with clinical symptoms of Covid-19 (defined for the purposes of this trial as dry cough, fever, and/or fatigue) of no longer than 3 days’ duration were enrolled. Patients with negative reverse-transcriptase quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) test for SARS-CoV-2 were excluded.
Double-blind.
2 hospitals in Brazil.
All patients took home a symptom journal designed to gather information on daily symptoms, new symptoms, and the date of resolution of each symptom
Nitazoxanide in the early clinical phase of COVID-19.
nitazoxanide (n=33) vs. placebo (n=13)
randomized controlled trial high risk of bias
Nitazoxanide
The protocol began with 1 g every 8 hours (3 g/day), but soon afterwards, it was changed to 500 mg (1 film-coated tablet) every 6 hours (2 g/day) plus standard of care.
Placebo
Placebo plus standard of care.
Patients were randomized 2:1 to receive nitazoxanide or placebo.
COVID-19 mild to moderate
people of both sexes aged = 18 years, with COVID-19, with a positive quantitative real-time polymerase reaction (rtq-PCR), no more than 4 days after the onset of symptoms. Patients with a chest Rx or lung ultrasound consistent with COVID-19 pneumonia were included if they had mild symptoms, defined as SpO2 = 95% when breathing room air and a RF < 24 per minute, or moderate symptoms, defined as SpO2 = 92% when breathing FiO2 through a low flow O2 cannula (< 5 l per minute).
Single-blind.
2 centers in Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Erradication will be considered a reduction of the viral load on day 7 greater than 35% with respect to placebo.
nitazoxanide (n=25) vs. placebo (n=25)
randomized controlled trial risk of bias NA
Nitazoxanide
NTZ 600 mg BID administered with food for 7 days
Placebo
Placebo BID administered with food for 7 days.
COVID-19 mild to moderate
Doubleblind.
6 hospitals in Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Phase II.
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