patient subgroup...
subjects at risk
Top evidence (RCT only, high risk of bias excluded)
Best available evidence (possibly low or very low)
All RCTs
All studies (RCT+OBS)
chloroquine and derivatives - versus potential COVID-19 treatments - for COVID 19 hospitalized
pdf
xlsx
method
abbreviations
Outcome
Relative effect 95%CI
LoD
Trt. better when
I2
k (RCT/OBS)
Bayesian probability
Overall ROB
Publication bias
Degree of certainty
Endpoint importance
Published MA
efficacy endpoints 00 death D28 1.07 [0.95, 1.21]< 1 6% 4 studies (4/-) 13.6 % some concern not evaluable moderate crucial - deaths 1.07 [0.97, 1.19]< 1 0% 28 studies (28/-) 8.7 % some concern low moderate crucial - deaths (time to event analysis only) 1.08 [0.95, 1.23]< 1 11% 3 studies (3/-) 12.1 % some concern not evaluable moderate crucial - clinical deterioration 1.13 [0.81, 1.60]< 1 0% 5 studies (5/-) 23.5 % some concern not evaluable moderate important - clinical improvement 1.07 [0.83, 1.39]> 1 0% 3 studies (3/-) 69.8 % some concern not evaluable moderate important - clinical improvement (14-day) 1.01 [0.78, 1.30]> 1 0% 4 studies (4/-) 52.1 % low not evaluable high important - clinical improvement (28-day) 0.97 [0.69, 1.37]> 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 43.2 % NA not evaluable important - clinical improvement (7-day) 1.16 [0.84, 1.61]> 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 81.4 % NA not evaluable important - clinical improvement (time to event analysis only) 0.95 [0.80, 1.14]> 1 0% 4 studies (4/-) 29.6 % some concern not evaluable moderate important - death or ventilation 1.13 [1.03, 1.24]< 1 0% 5 studies (5/-) 0.5 % some concern not evaluable moderate important - hospital discharge 1.09 [0.82, 1.44]> 1 43% 5 studies (5/-) 71.8 % some concern not evaluable moderate important - radiologic improvement (14-day) 1.33 [0.94, 1.88]> 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 94.7 % NA not evaluable important - radiologic improvement (7-day) 3.19 [1.16, 8.79]> 1 0% 2 studies (2/-) 98.7 % high not evaluable low important - viral clearance 0.97 [0.73, 1.29]> 1 0% 3 studies (3/-) 42.8 % high not evaluable low important - viral clearance (time to event analysis only) 0.85 [0.58, 1.23]> 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 19.3 % NA not evaluable important - viral clearance by day 14 1.09 [0.95, 1.26]> 1 0% 2 studies (2/-) 88.8 % some concern not evaluable moderate important - viral clearance by day 7 1.20 [0.60, 2.40]> 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 69.7 % NA not evaluable important - ICU admission 1.19 [0.72, 1.96]< 1 4% 2 studies (2/-) 24.6 % some concern not evaluable moderate non important - off oxygenation 0.98 [0.64, 1.51]> 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 46.4 % NA not evaluable non important - safety endpoints 00 cardiac arrest 1.92 [0.35, 10.49]< 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 22.7 % NA not evaluable important - serious adverse events 1.26 [0.56, 2.84]< 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 28.7 % NA not evaluable important - adverse events 1.57 [1.15, 2.15]< 1 20% 9 studies (9/-) 0.2 % some concern not evaluable moderate non important -
LoD: level of statistical demonstration: Statistically conclusive: statistically significant with a strict control of overall risk of type 1 error (statistically demonstrated), does not take into account the risk of bias;
suggested: nominally statistically significant but without a strict control of overall risk of type 1 error;
inconclusive: not nominally statistically significant;
safety concerns;
Bayesian probability: Bayesian posterior probability of treatment effect (computed with a noninformative prior); ROB: risk of bias; k: number of studies;
published MA: number of published meta-analysis on the same topic; degree of certainty adapted from GRADE.
Trt. better when: indicates when the relative treatment effect shows that the studied treatment is better than control.