patient subgroup...
age >= 60 yr age >= 65 yr corticosteroids: no corticosteroids: yes invasive ventilation non invasive oxygen subjects at risk
Top evidence (RCT only, high risk of bias excluded)
Best available evidence (possibly low or very low)
All RCTs
All studies (RCT+OBS)
antiviral and associated therapy - versus antiviral and associated therapy - for COVID-19 mild to moderate
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xlsx
method
abbreviations
Outcome
Relative effect 95%CI
LoD
Trt. better when
I2
k (RCT/OBS)
Bayesian probability
Overall ROB
Publication bias
Degree of certainty
Endpoint importance
Published MA
efficacy endpoints 00 deaths 0.96 [0.61, 1.51]< 1 0% 4 studies (4/-) 56.8 % some concern not evaluable moderate crucial - clinical improvement 1.67 [0.35, 7.98]> 1 92% 2 studies (2/-) 73.8 % some concern not evaluable moderate important - clinical improvement (14-day) 1.53 [1.02, 2.29]> 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 98.0 % NA not evaluable important - clinical improvement (7-day) 1.46 [0.95, 2.23]> 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 95.8 % NA not evaluable important - clinical improvement (time to event analysis only) 1.15 [0.70, 1.87]> 1 84% 3 studies (3/-) 70.9 % some concern not evaluable moderate important - mechanical ventilation 1.62 [0.85, 3.08]< 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 7.2 % NA not evaluable important - radiologic improvement (7-day) 0.05 [0.00, 1.17]> 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 3.3 % NA not evaluable important - viral clearance 0.50 [0.00, 55.07]> 1 88% 2 studies (2/-) 38.9 % some concern not evaluable moderate important - viral clearance (time to event analysis only) 4.37 [1.86, 10.25]> 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 100.0 % NA not evaluable important - viral clearance by day 14 1.84 [0.40, 8.38]> 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 78.4 % NA not evaluable important - viral clearance by day 7 0.27 [0.01, 7.35]> 1 76% 2 studies (2/-) 22.2 % some concern not evaluable moderate important - ICU admission 1.23 [0.70, 2.18]< 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 23.7 % NA not evaluable non important - recovery 0.81 [0.64, 1.03]> 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 4.4 % NA not evaluable non important - severe COVID-19 occurrence 0.30 [0.07, 1.27]< 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 94.9 % NA not evaluable non important - safety endpoints 00 serious adverse events 0.43 [0.03, 5.81]< 1 0% 2 studies (2/-) 73.6 % some concern not evaluable moderate important - adverse events 8.14 [0.35, 189.85]< 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 9.9 % NA not evaluable non important - serious adverse events (SAE), any 0.50 [0.32, 0.79]< 1 0% 1 study (1/-) 99.9 % NA not evaluable non important -
LoD: level of statistical demonstration: Statistically conclusive: statistically significant with a strict control of overall risk of type 1 error (statistically demonstrated), does not take into account the risk of bias;
suggested: nominally statistically significant but without a strict control of overall risk of type 1 error;
inconclusive: not nominally statistically significant;
safety concerns;
Bayesian probability: Bayesian posterior probability of treatment effect (computed with a noninformative prior); ROB: risk of bias; k: number of studies;
published MA: number of published meta-analysis on the same topic; degree of certainty adapted from GRADE.
Trt. better when: indicates when the relative treatment effect shows that the studied treatment is better than control.