All patients
age >= 60 yr age >= 65 yr corticosteroids: no corticosteroids: yes invasive ventilation non invasive oxygen subjects at risk
antiviral and associated therapy in COVID 19 hospitalized - Summary of results Outcome TE 95% CI n k I2 ROB Pub. bias death D28detailed results Abdulamir, 2021 1.00 [0.20; 5.12]
COALITION II Covid-19 Brazil (Furtado), 2020 1.08 [0.79; 1.47]
Eslami, 2020 0.12 [0.02; 0.62]
FACCT Trial, 2021 0.69 [0.28; 1.68]
Gaitan-Duarte (Rosuvastatin plus colchicine plus emtricitabine/tenofovir), 2021 0.62 [0.33; 1.17]
GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020 0.77 [0.17; 3.50]
GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020 0.52 [0.09; 2.86]
HYDRA (Hernandez-Cardenas), 2021 0.80 [0.52; 1.24]
I-TECH (Lim), 2022 0.31 [0.09; 1.09]
Jun C, 2020 1.00 [0.02; 53.89]
Krolewiecki, 2020 0.49 [0.01; 26.05]
Mahajan, 2021 1.23 [0.34; 4.42]
Mobarak (DISCOVER), 2021 1.15 [0.83; 1.59]
Mobarak S (DISCOVER), 2021 1.10 [0.77; 1.57]
NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 0.73 [0.52; 1.03]
RECOVERY, 2020 1.09 [0.97; 1.23]
RECOVERY (AZI, Horby), 2020 0.97 [0.87; 1.08]
Sbidian (HCQ alone), 2020 1.25 [1.09; 1.44]
Sbidian (HCQ plus AZI), 2020 1.40 [1.03; 1.90]
Shahbaznejad, 2020 2.21 [0.07; 67.87]
Silva, 2021 0.46 [0.03; 8.02]
SOLIDARITY (WHO study) HCQ, 2020 1.19 [0.89; 1.59]
Soto-Becerra, 2020 1.39 [0.88; 2.21]
1.05 [0.94 ; 1.16 ] Abdulamir, 2021, COALITION II Covid-19 Brazil (Furtado), 2020, Eslami, 2020, FACCT Trial, 2021, Gaitan-Duarte (Rosuvastatin plus colchicine plus emtricitabine/tenofovir), 2021, GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020, HYDRA (Hernandez-Cardenas), 2021, I-TECH (Lim), 2022, Jun C, 2020, Krolewiecki, 2020, Mahajan, 2021, Mobarak (DISCOVER), 2021, Mobarak S (DISCOVER), 2021, NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020, RECOVERY, 2020, RECOVERY (AZI, Horby), 2020, Sbidian (HCQ alone), 2020, Sbidian (HCQ plus AZI), 2020, Shahbaznejad, 2020, Silva, 2021, SOLIDARITY (WHO study) HCQ, 2020, Soto-Becerra, 2020 23 38% 31,769 moderate critical death or transfer to ICUdetailed results Davido, 2020 0.45 [0.21; 0.97]
jRCTs041190120, 2020 1.02 [0.02; 52.72]
RECOVERY, 2020 1.09 [0.99; 1.20]
Soto-Becerra, 2020 1.58 [1.11; 2.25]
1.06 [0.71 ; 1.59 ] Davido, 2020, jRCTs041190120, 2020, RECOVERY, 2020, Soto-Becerra, 2020 4 68% 7,758 moderate not evaluable deathsdetailed results Abd-Elsalam, 2020 1.21 [0.36; 4.12]
Abd-Elsalam, 2021 0.74 [0.16; 3.42]
Abdulamir, 2021 1.00 [0.20; 5.12]
Ansarin, 2020 0.09 [0.00; 1.68]
ARCHAIC -hydroxychloroquine, 2020 5.00 [0.13; 185.58]
Arshad (HCQ AZ), 2020 0.29 [0.22; 0.40]
Arshad (HCQ), 2020 0.34 [0.25; 0.46]
Ayerbe, 2020 0.42 [0.33; 0.55]
Belgian Collaborative Group on COVID-19, 2020 0.68 [0.62; 0.76]
Bousquet, 2020 0.49 [0.19; 1.28]
Cao, 2020 0.71 [0.36; 1.40]
CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020 1.10 [0.49; 2.45]
CCAP-1, 2020 1.00 [0.00; 255.63]
Chen, 2020 0.56 [0.01; 30.20]
Chen, ChiCTR2000030054 - Chloroquine, 2020 0.66 [0.01; 35.52]
ChiCTR2000030054-HCQ (Chen), 2020 0.66 [0.01; 35.52]
Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020 0.64 [0.18; 2.24]
Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti)-Hydroxychloroquine, 2020 1.47 [0.48; 4.52]
COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020 0.43 [0.13; 1.44]
COALITION II Covid-19 Brazil (Furtado), 2020 1.08 [0.79; 1.47]
Dabbous HM, 2020 0.51 [0.02; 15.41]
Duke university HCQ, 2020 1.00 [0.02; 50.40]
Duke university HCQ-AZI, 2020 3.00 [0.04; 207.00]
Duke University hydroxychloroquine/azithromycine, 2020 0.50 [0.01; 19.56]
Eslami, 2020 0.12 [0.02; 0.62]
FACCT Trial, 2021 0.96 [0.44; 2.08]
Gaitan-Duarte (Rosuvastatin plus colchicine plus emtricitabine/tenofovir), 2021 0.62 [0.33; 1.17]
Galan, 2021 0.94 [0.51; 1.73]
Geleris, 2020 1.04 [0.82; 1.32]
Glorial F, 2020 1.11 [0.05; 25.91]
Gonzalez (HCQ), 2020 0.33 [0.06; 1.78]
Gonzalez (IVER), 2020 0.83 [0.23; 3.02]
GS-US-540-5773 (Goldman), 2020 0.73 [0.37; 1.44]
GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020 0.76 [0.17; 3.40]
GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020 0.51 [0.09; 2.84]
HAHPS, 2020 7.00 [0.80; 60.90]
Hashim A, 2020 0.48 [0.11; 1.99]
HC-nCoV (Shanghai), 2020 1.00 [0.02; 53.89]
Hung et al., 2020 0.47 [0.01; 24.30]
HYCOVID, 2020 0.54 [0.21; 1.40]
HYDRA (Hernandez-Cardenas), 2021 0.80 [0.52; 1.24]
I-TECH (Lim), 2022 0.31 [0.09; 1.09]
ICON, 2020 0.47 [0.22; 1.00]
Ip, 2020 1.02 [0.82; 1.26]
Jun C, 2020 1.00 [0.02; 53.89]
Khamis, 2020 0.83 [0.23; 2.96]
Khan, 2020 0.12 [0.02; 0.97]
Kirti, 2021 0.12 [0.01; 2.36]
Kocayigit H, 2020 1.61 [0.73; 3.58]
Krolewiecki, 2020 0.49 [0.01; 26.05]
Lagier, 2020 0.49 [0.25; 0.97]
Lou (FAVIPIRAVIR), 2020 1.12 [0.02; 62.74]
Lou Y, 2020 1.00 [0.02; 55.80]
Magagnoli (HC AZ), 2020 1.14 [0.56; 2.32]
Magagnoli (HC), 2020 2.61 [1.10; 6.18]
Mahajan, 2021 1.23 [0.34; 4.42]
Mahevas, 2020 0.61 [0.13; 2.88]
Mobarak (DISCOVER), 2021 1.15 [0.83; 1.59]
Mobarak S (DISCOVER), 2021 1.15 [0.80; 1.67]
NCT04333654, 2020 0.56 [0.01; 37.57]
NCT04342650, 2020 0.95 [0.02; 48.42]
NCT04523831 (Mahmud), 2020 0.16 [0.01; 3.25]
NCT04542694, 2020 1.00 [0.02; 50.90]
NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 0.55 [0.36; 0.84]
NO COVID-19 (Lyngbakken), 2020 0.96 [0.06; 15.78]
Nojomi, 2020 0.49 [0.04; 5.58]
Nojomi, 2020 2.04 [0.18; 23.27]
NOR-Solidarity (hydroxychloroquine), 2021 3.10 [0.29; 33.20]
Novales, 2020 0.07 [0.01; 0.41]
OAHU-COVID19, 2020 2.75 [0.10; 73.35]
Okumuş, 2020 0.58 [0.18; 1.91]
ORCHID, 2020 1.07 [0.54; 2.11]
Paccoud, 2020 0.89 [0.23; 3.46]
Patel, 2021 0.77 [0.11; 5.34]
ProPAC-COVID, 2021 0.08 [0.00; 8.65]
PROTECT A, 2020 0.50 [0.02; 15.30]
PROTECT B, 2020 0.51 [0.04; 6.12]
RECOVERY, 2020 1.09 [0.97; 1.23]
RECOVERY, 2020 1.03 [0.91; 1.17]
RECOVERY (AZI, Horby), 2020 0.97 [0.87; 1.08]
REMAP-CAP (lopinavir/ritonavir only), 2020 0.83 [0.65; 1.06]
REMAP-CAP (lopinavir/ritonavir plus hydroxychloroquine), 2020 0.58 [0.36; 0.93]
REMAP-CAP-HCQ, 2020 1.04 [0.49; 2.19]
Ren, 2020 (REV) 1.00 [0.02; 55.80]
RIVET-COV (Mohan) (12mg and 24mg), 2021 0.52 [0.01; 26.47]
Rocco, 2020 1.02 [0.02; 51.70]
Rodriguez-Molinero, 2020 0.48 [0.04; 5.63]
Rosenberg, 2020 1.35 [0.76; 2.40]
Sadeghi , 2020 0.56 [0.12; 2.56]
Sbidian (HCQ alone), 2020 1.25 [1.09; 1.44]
Sbidian (HCQ plus AZI), 2020 1.40 [1.03; 1.90]
Sekhavati, 2020 0.49 [0.02; 14.80]
Shenoy S, 2021 1.32 [0.58; 2.99]
Singh, 2020 1.19 [0.89; 1.60]
Solaymani-Dodaran, 2021 1.22 [0.66; 2.26]
SOLIDARITY (lopi/rito), 2020 1.00 [0.79; 1.26]
SOLIDARITY (remdesivir), 2020 0.95 [0.81; 1.11]
SOLIDARITY (WHO study) HCQ, 2020 1.19 [0.89; 1.59]
Soto-Becerra, 2020 1.39 [0.88; 2.21]
Tang, 2020 1.00 [0.02; 51.07]
TEACH, 2020 1.07 [0.34; 3.37]
Udwadia, 2020 0.50 [0.02; 15.03]
Yakoot, 2020 0.38 [0.07; 2.08]
Yu, 2020 0.32 [0.16; 0.63]
Zhaowei Chen, 2020 1.00 [0.02; 52.04]
0.83 [0.75 ; 0.92 ] Abd-Elsalam, 2020, Abd-Elsalam, 2021, Abdulamir, 2021, Ansarin, 2020, ARCHAIC -hydroxychloroquine, 2020, Arshad (HCQ AZ), 2020, Arshad (HCQ), 2020, Ayerbe, 2020, Belgian Collaborative Group on COVID-19, 2020, Bousquet, 2020, Cao, 2020, CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020, CCAP-1, 2020, Chen, 2020, Chen, ChiCTR2000030054 - Chloroquine, 2020, ChiCTR2000030054-HCQ (Chen), 2020, Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020, Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti)-Hydroxychloroquine, 2020, COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020, COALITION II Covid-19 Brazil (Furtado), 2020, Dabbous HM, 2020, Duke university HCQ, 2020, Duke university HCQ-AZI, 2020, Duke University hydroxychloroquine/azithromycine, 2020, Eslami, 2020, FACCT Trial, 2021, Gaitan-Duarte (Rosuvastatin plus colchicine plus emtricitabine/tenofovir), 2021, Galan, 2021, Geleris, 2020, Glorial F, 2020, Gonzalez (HCQ), 2020, Gonzalez (IVER), 2020, GS-US-540-5773 (Goldman), 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020, HAHPS, 2020, Hashim A, 2020, HC-nCoV (Shanghai), 2020, Hung et al., 2020, HYCOVID, 2020, HYDRA (Hernandez-Cardenas), 2021, I-TECH (Lim), 2022, ICON, 2020, Ip, 2020, Jun C, 2020, Khamis, 2020, Khan, 2020, Kirti, 2021, Kocayigit H, 2020, Krolewiecki, 2020, Lagier, 2020, Lou (FAVIPIRAVIR), 2020, Lou Y, 2020, Magagnoli (HC AZ), 2020, Magagnoli (HC), 2020, Mahajan, 2021, Mahevas, 2020, Mobarak (DISCOVER), 2021, Mobarak S (DISCOVER), 2021, NCT04333654, 2020, NCT04342650, 2020, NCT04523831 (Mahmud), 2020, NCT04542694, 2020, NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020, NO COVID-19 (Lyngbakken), 2020, Nojomi, 2020, Nojomi, 2020, NOR-Solidarity (hydroxychloroquine), 2021, Novales, 2020, OAHU-COVID19, 2020, Okumuş, 2020, ORCHID, 2020, Paccoud, 2020, Patel, 2021, ProPAC-COVID, 2021, PROTECT A, 2020, PROTECT B, 2020, RECOVERY, 2020, RECOVERY, 2020, RECOVERY (AZI, Horby), 2020, REMAP-CAP (lopinavir/ritonavir only), 2020, REMAP-CAP (lopinavir/ritonavir plus hydroxychloroquine), 2020, REMAP-CAP-HCQ, 2020, Ren, 2020 (REV), RIVET-COV (Mohan) (12mg and 24mg), 2021, Rocco, 2020, Rodriguez-Molinero, 2020, Rosenberg, 2020, Sadeghi , 2020, Sbidian (HCQ alone), 2020, Sbidian (HCQ plus AZI), 2020, Sekhavati, 2020, Shenoy S, 2021, Singh, 2020, Solaymani-Dodaran, 2021, SOLIDARITY (lopi/rito), 2020, SOLIDARITY (remdesivir), 2020, SOLIDARITY (WHO study) HCQ, 2020, Soto-Becerra, 2020, Tang, 2020, TEACH, 2020, Udwadia, 2020, Yakoot, 2020, Yu, 2020, Zhaowei Chen, 2020 105 66% 72,217 moderate critical deaths (time to event analysis only)detailed results Arshad (HCQ AZ), 2020 0.29 [0.22; 0.40]
Arshad (HCQ), 2020 0.34 [0.25; 0.46]
Belgian Collaborative Group on COVID-19, 2020 0.68 [0.62; 0.76]
Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020 0.64 [0.18; 2.24]
COALITION II Covid-19 Brazil (Furtado), 2020 1.08 [0.79; 1.47]
Galan, 2021 0.94 [0.51; 1.73]
GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020 0.76 [0.17; 3.40]
GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020 0.51 [0.09; 2.84]
HYDRA (Hernandez-Cardenas), 2021 0.80 [0.52; 1.24]
Magagnoli (HC AZ), 2020 1.14 [0.56; 2.32]
Magagnoli (HC), 2020 2.61 [1.10; 6.18]
NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 0.55 [0.36; 0.84]
NOR-Solidarity (hydroxychloroquine), 2021 3.10 [0.29; 33.20]
Paccoud, 2020 0.89 [0.23; 3.46]
RECOVERY, 2020 1.09 [0.97; 1.23]
RECOVERY (AZI, Horby), 2020 0.97 [0.87; 1.08]
REMAP-CAP (lopinavir/ritonavir only), 2020 0.83 [0.65; 1.06]
REMAP-CAP (lopinavir/ritonavir plus hydroxychloroquine), 2020 0.58 [0.36; 0.93]
Rosenberg, 2020 1.35 [0.76; 2.40]
Sbidian (HCQ alone), 2020 1.25 [1.09; 1.44]
Sbidian (HCQ plus AZI), 2020 1.40 [1.03; 1.90]
SOLIDARITY (remdesivir), 2020 0.95 [0.81; 1.11]
SOLIDARITY (WHO study) HCQ, 2020 1.19 [0.89; 1.59]
Soto-Becerra, 2020 1.39 [0.88; 2.21]
Yu, 2020 0.32 [0.16; 0.63]
0.85 [0.71 ; 1.00 ] Arshad (HCQ AZ), 2020, Arshad (HCQ), 2020, Belgian Collaborative Group on COVID-19, 2020, Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020, COALITION II Covid-19 Brazil (Furtado), 2020, Galan, 2021, GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020, HYDRA (Hernandez-Cardenas), 2021, Magagnoli (HC AZ), 2020, Magagnoli (HC), 2020, NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020, NOR-Solidarity (hydroxychloroquine), 2021, Paccoud, 2020, RECOVERY, 2020, RECOVERY (AZI, Horby), 2020, REMAP-CAP (lopinavir/ritonavir only), 2020, REMAP-CAP (lopinavir/ritonavir plus hydroxychloroquine), 2020, Rosenberg, 2020, Sbidian (HCQ alone), 2020, Sbidian (HCQ plus AZI), 2020, SOLIDARITY (remdesivir), 2020, SOLIDARITY (WHO study) HCQ, 2020, Soto-Becerra, 2020, Yu, 2020 25 88% 47,270 serious low clinical deteriorationdetailed results CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020 0.95 [0.55; 1.64]
Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020 0.99 [0.57; 1.72]
Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti)-Hydroxychloroquine, 2020 1.21 [0.69; 2.12]
ELACOI (lopinavir/ritonavir), 2020 3.69 [0.37; 36.57]
ELACOI (Standard of care), 2020 0.86 [0.06; 11.36]
Geleris, 2020 1.04 [0.82; 1.32]
HAHPS, 2020 1.07 [0.63; 1.82]
Hashim A, 2020 0.40 [0.10; 1.63]
I-TECH (Lim), 2022 1.25 [0.87; 1.80]
Jun C, 2020 2.07 [0.06; 66.79]
Kamran, 2020 0.95 [0.32; 2.78]
Lagier, 2020 0.30 [0.22; 0.41]
Li T, 2020 0.48 [0.01; 27.44]
Mahevas, 2020 0.93 [0.48; 1.81]
NCT04523831 (Mahmud), 2020 0.44 [0.23; 0.84]
Paccoud, 2020 0.90 [0.38; 2.12]
RIVET-COV (Mohan) (12mg and 24mg), 2021 0.53 [0.15; 1.95]
Rocco, 2020 1.02 [0.29; 3.58]
TEACH, 2020 1.80 [0.62; 5.21]
Zhaowei Chen, 2020 0.11 [0.01; 2.19]
0.85 [0.63 ; 1.14 ] CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020, Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020, Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti)-Hydroxychloroquine, 2020, ELACOI (lopinavir/ritonavir), 2020, ELACOI (Standard of care), 2020, Geleris, 2020, HAHPS, 2020, Hashim A, 2020, I-TECH (Lim), 2022, Jun C, 2020, Kamran, 2020, Lagier, 2020, Li T, 2020, Mahevas, 2020, NCT04523831 (Mahmud), 2020, Paccoud, 2020, RIVET-COV (Mohan) (12mg and 24mg), 2021, Rocco, 2020, TEACH, 2020, Zhaowei Chen, 2020 20 69% 8,509 moderate low clinical improvementdetailed results AVIFAVIR, 2020 0.53 [0.13; 2.19]
Camprubi, 2020 0.68 [0.12; 3.87]
Cao, 2020 1.31 [0.94; 1.83]
CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020 1.23 [0.87; 1.74]
Chachar, 2020 1.19 [0.38; 3.72]
Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020 0.81 [0.54; 1.22]
COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020 0.82 [0.47; 1.43]
COALITION II Covid-19 Brazil (Furtado), 2020 0.74 [0.51; 1.07]
Glorial F, 2020 0.90 [0.04; 20.92]
GS-US-540-5773 (Goldman), 2020 0.79 [0.61; 1.02]
GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020 1.16 [0.77; 1.74]
GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020 1.65 [1.09; 2.49]
Huang, 2020 1.37 [0.73; 2.56]
Hung et al., 2020 3.92 [1.66; 9.24]
Khan, 2020 8.27 [1.03; 66.34]
Lou (FAVIPIRAVIR), 2020 1.25 [0.21; 7.62]
NCT04523831 (Mahmud), 2020 1.89 [1.06; 3.38]
NCT04542694, 2020 2.10 [1.04; 4.24]
NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 1.29 [1.12; 1.49]
Okumuş, 2020 1.51 [0.54; 4.24]
ORCHID, 2020 1.02 [0.73; 1.42]
REMAP-CAP (lopinavir/ritonavir plus hydroxychloroquine), 2020 0.63 [0.37; 1.06]
Rocco, 2020 0.81 [0.52; 1.27]
Ruzhentsova T, 2020 1.63 [1.14; 2.34]
Tang, 2020 1.01 [0.59; 1.74]
Udwadia, 2020 1.75 [1.10; 2.79]
1.17 [1.01 ; 1.35 ] AVIFAVIR, 2020, Camprubi, 2020, Cao, 2020, CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020, Chachar, 2020, Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020, COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020, COALITION II Covid-19 Brazil (Furtado), 2020, Glorial F, 2020, GS-US-540-5773 (Goldman), 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020, Huang, 2020, Hung et al., 2020, Khan, 2020, Lou (FAVIPIRAVIR), 2020, NCT04523831 (Mahmud), 2020, NCT04542694, 2020, NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020, Okumuş, 2020, ORCHID, 2020, REMAP-CAP (lopinavir/ritonavir plus hydroxychloroquine), 2020, Rocco, 2020, Ruzhentsova T, 2020, Tang, 2020, Udwadia, 2020 26 57% 6,677 moderate low clinical improvement (14-day)detailed results AVIFAVIR, 2020 0.53 [0.13; 2.19]
Cao, 2020 1.94 [1.09; 3.48]
CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020 1.21 [0.64; 2.28]
Chen, 2020 0.56 [0.13; 2.48]
Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020 1.01 [0.58; 1.76]
Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti)-Hydroxychloroquine, 2020 0.83 [0.47; 1.44]
COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020 0.82 [0.47; 1.43]
COALITION II Covid-19 Brazil (Furtado), 2020 0.74 [0.51; 1.07]
GS-US-540-5773 (Goldman), 2020 1.53 [1.02; 2.29]
GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020 1.58 [1.01; 2.47]
GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020 1.56 [1.00; 2.44]
Huang, 2020 1.37 [0.73; 2.56]
Lou (FAVIPIRAVIR), 2020 1.25 [0.21; 7.62]
Lou Y, 2020 1.50 [0.26; 8.82]
ORCHID, 2020 1.02 [0.73; 1.42]
REMAP-CAP (lopinavir/ritonavir only), 2020 0.85 [0.64; 1.12]
REMAP-CAP (lopinavir/ritonavir plus hydroxychloroquine), 2020 0.63 [0.37; 1.06]
Ruzhentsova T, 2020 1.28 [1.05; 1.56]
Sadeghi , 2020 3.63 [1.02; 12.93]
1.11 [0.94 ; 1.30 ] AVIFAVIR, 2020, Cao, 2020, CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020, Chen, 2020, Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020, Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti)-Hydroxychloroquine, 2020, COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020, COALITION II Covid-19 Brazil (Furtado), 2020, GS-US-540-5773 (Goldman), 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020, Huang, 2020, Lou (FAVIPIRAVIR), 2020, Lou Y, 2020, ORCHID, 2020, REMAP-CAP (lopinavir/ritonavir only), 2020, REMAP-CAP (lopinavir/ritonavir plus hydroxychloroquine), 2020, Ruzhentsova T, 2020, Sadeghi , 2020 19 47% 5,154 moderate low clinical improvement (21-day)detailed results Li T, 2020 2.09 [0.04; 119.96]
2.09 [0.04 ; 119.96 ] Li T, 2020 1 0% 18 NA not evaluable clinical improvement (28-day)detailed results Cao, 2020 1.59 [0.84; 3.03]
CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020 1.37 [0.79; 2.39]
COALITION II Covid-19 Brazil (Furtado), 2020 0.70 [0.47; 1.04]
GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020 1.88 [1.03; 3.42]
GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020 1.75 [0.97; 3.17]
NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 1.35 [1.03; 1.76]
ORCHID, 2020 0.97 [0.69; 1.37]
Ruzhentsova T, 2020 1.11 [0.96; 1.29]
Udwadia, 2020 1.75 [1.10; 2.79]
1.24 [1.03 ; 1.50 ] Cao, 2020, CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020, COALITION II Covid-19 Brazil (Furtado), 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020, NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020, ORCHID, 2020, Ruzhentsova T, 2020, Udwadia, 2020 9 54% 3,475 moderate not evaluable clinical improvement (7-day)detailed results Camprubi, 2020 0.68 [0.12; 3.87]
Cao, 2020 3.16 [0.62; 16.06]
CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020 0.99 [0.18; 5.51]
Chachar, 2020 1.19 [0.38; 3.72]
COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020 0.89 [0.59; 1.35]
COALITION II Covid-19 Brazil (Furtado), 2020 0.94 [0.63; 1.40]
GS-US-540-5773 (Goldman), 2020 1.46 [0.95; 2.23]
GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020 1.03 [0.69; 1.53]
GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020 1.41 [0.94; 2.09]
Kirti, 2021 0.90 [0.77; 1.06]
Lou Y, 2020 1.00 [0.05; 18.57]
NCT04523831 (Mahmud), 2020 1.93 [1.27; 2.93]
NCT04542694, 2020 2.10 [1.04; 4.24]
ORCHID, 2020 1.16 [0.84; 1.61]
Rocco, 2020 0.81 [0.52; 1.27]
Ruzhentsova T, 2020 1.50 [1.02; 2.21]
Tsiakos, 2020 2.36 [1.10; 5.09]
1.21 [1.02 ; 1.43 ] Camprubi, 2020, Cao, 2020, CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020, Chachar, 2020, COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020, COALITION II Covid-19 Brazil (Furtado), 2020, GS-US-540-5773 (Goldman), 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020, Kirti, 2021, Lou Y, 2020, NCT04523831 (Mahmud), 2020, NCT04542694, 2020, ORCHID, 2020, Rocco, 2020, Ruzhentsova T, 2020, Tsiakos, 2020 17 49% 4,334 moderate critical clinical improvement (time to event analysis only)detailed results Cao, 2020 1.31 [0.94; 1.83]
CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020 1.23 [0.87; 1.74]
FACCT Trial, 2021 0.85 [0.62; 1.16]
GS-US-540-5773 (Goldman), 2020 0.79 [0.61; 1.02]
GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020 1.16 [0.94; 1.44]
GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020 1.15 [0.93; 1.42]
Hung et al., 2020 3.92 [1.66; 9.24]
HYDRA (Hernandez-Cardenas), 2021 1.05 [0.74; 1.48]
Min, 2020 1.09 [0.58; 2.05]
NCT04523831 (Mahmud), 2020 1.89 [1.06; 3.38]
NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 1.29 [1.12; 1.49]
ORCHID, 2020 0.97 [0.69; 1.36]
Ruzhentsova T, 2020 1.63 [1.14; 2.34]
Shenoy S, 2021 0.99 [0.77; 1.28]
Shinkai, 2021 1.40 [0.91; 2.15]
Solaymani-Dodaran, 2021 0.94 [0.75; 1.17]
Tang, 2020 1.01 [0.59; 1.74]
Udwadia, 2020 1.75 [1.10; 2.79]
Wu X, 2020 2.00 [0.71; 5.66]
1.16 [1.04 ; 1.30 ] Cao, 2020, CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020, FACCT Trial, 2021, GS-US-540-5773 (Goldman), 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020, Hung et al., 2020, HYDRA (Hernandez-Cardenas), 2021, Min, 2020, NCT04523831 (Mahmud), 2020, NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020, ORCHID, 2020, Ruzhentsova T, 2020, Shenoy S, 2021, Shinkai, 2021, Solaymani-Dodaran, 2021, Tang, 2020, Udwadia, 2020, Wu X, 2020 19 56% 5,811 moderate low death or ventilationdetailed results Geleris, 2020 1.04 [0.82; 1.32]
Gonzalez (HCQ), 2020 0.69 [0.22; 2.21]
Gonzalez (IVER), 2020 0.89 [0.30; 2.64]
HYCOVID, 2020 1.12 [0.45; 2.79]
NCT04310228-FAVI (Zhao), 2020 3.60 [0.13; 102.66]
ORCHID, 2020 1.13 [0.60; 2.13]
RECOVERY, 2020 1.14 [1.03; 1.27]
RECOVERY (AZI, Horby), 2020 0.95 [0.87; 1.03]
SOLIDARITY (remdesivir), 2020 0.97 [0.85; 1.10]
SOLIDARITY (WHO study) HCQ, 2020 1.11 [0.87; 1.42]
1.02 [0.96 ; 1.08 ] Geleris, 2020, Gonzalez (HCQ), 2020, Gonzalez (IVER), 2020, HYCOVID, 2020, NCT04310228-FAVI (Zhao), 2020, ORCHID, 2020, RECOVERY, 2020, RECOVERY (AZI, Horby), 2020, SOLIDARITY (remdesivir), 2020, SOLIDARITY (WHO study) HCQ, 2020 10 3% 21,246 moderate low hospital dischargedetailed results Chen_arbidol, 2020 0.75 [0.47; 1.20]
Chen_chloroquine, 2020 1.40 [0.83; 2.37]
Chen_lopi_rito, 2020 1.12 [0.80; 1.56]
FACCT Trial, 2021 0.88 [0.64; 1.21]
Gonzalez (HCQ), 2020 1.38 [0.46; 4.16]
Gonzalez (IVER), 2020 0.71 [0.15; 3.40]
HAHPS, 2020 0.91 [0.54; 1.54]
Huang, 2020 2.00 [1.15; 3.47]
HYDRA (Hernandez-Cardenas), 2021 1.01 [0.72; 1.42]
Kirti, 2021 1.20 [0.73; 1.98]
Kocayigit H, 2020 0.62 [0.28; 1.37]
Li T, 2020 10.00 [1.03; 97.50]
Mobarak (DISCOVER), 2021 1.01 [0.95; 1.08]
Patel, 2021 0.57 [0.12; 2.68]
RECOVERY, 2020 0.98 [0.91; 1.05]
RECOVERY (AZI, Horby), 2020 1.04 [0.98; 1.10]
REMAP-CAP (lopinavir/ritonavir only), 2020 0.83 [0.69; 1.00]
REMAP-CAP (lopinavir/ritonavir plus hydroxychloroquine), 2020 0.63 [0.43; 0.92]
RIVET-COV (Mohan) (12mg and 24mg), 2021 2.31 [0.66; 8.04]
Shenoy S, 2021 1.06 [0.85; 1.32]
Udwadia, 2020 1.41 [0.97; 2.03]
1.00 [0.93 ; 1.08 ] Chen_arbidol, 2020, Chen_chloroquine, 2020, Chen_lopi_rito, 2020, FACCT Trial, 2021, Gonzalez (HCQ), 2020, Gonzalez (IVER), 2020, HAHPS, 2020, Huang, 2020, HYDRA (Hernandez-Cardenas), 2021, Kirti, 2021, Kocayigit H, 2020, Li T, 2020, Mobarak (DISCOVER), 2021, Patel, 2021, RECOVERY, 2020, RECOVERY (AZI, Horby), 2020, REMAP-CAP (lopinavir/ritonavir only), 2020, REMAP-CAP (lopinavir/ritonavir plus hydroxychloroquine), 2020, RIVET-COV (Mohan) (12mg and 24mg), 2021, Shenoy S, 2021, Udwadia, 2020 21 41% 17,458 moderate low hospitalizationdetailed results EPIC-SR, 0 0.29 [0.08; 1.07]
Holubar M, 2021 0.12 [0.01; 2.26]
Lagier, 2020 0.38 [0.27; 0.54]
0.37 [0.26 ; 0.51 ] EPIC-SR, 0, Holubar M, 2021, Lagier, 2020 3 0% 4,740 critical not evaluable mechanical ventilationdetailed results Abd-Elsalam, 2021 1.00 [0.20; 5.11]
Ansarin, 2020 0.09 [0.01; 0.73]
Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020 1.77 [0.81; 3.87]
COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020 1.54 [0.70; 3.37]
Gaitan-Duarte (Rosuvastatin plus colchicine plus emtricitabine/tenofovir), 2021 0.70 [0.52; 0.95]
Galan, 2021 0.14 [0.03; 0.71]
GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020 0.26 [0.03; 2.30]
GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020 0.13 [0.01; 2.45]
I-TECH (Lim), 2022 0.41 [0.13; 1.30]
Jun C, 2020 2.07 [0.06; 66.79]
Khan, 2020 0.12 [0.06; 0.25]
Kirti, 2021 0.20 [0.00; 8.69]
Li T, 2020 0.40 [0.04; 3.90]
Lou Y, 2020 2.11 [0.06; 70.98]
Mahajan, 2021 2.27 [0.39; 13.27]
Mobarak S (DISCOVER), 2021 1.52 [0.72; 3.19]
RECOVERY (AZI, Horby), 2020 0.92 [0.79; 1.07]
RIVET-COV (Mohan) (12mg and 24mg), 2021 0.52 [0.01; 26.47]
Sadeghi , 2020 0.37 [0.09; 1.58]
Sekhavati, 2020 0.16 [0.01; 3.19]
Shahbaznejad, 2020 2.24 [0.19; 25.88]
Singh, 2020 0.98 [0.64; 1.49]
Solaymani-Dodaran, 2021 1.62 [0.85; 3.08]
SOLIDARITY (remdesivir), 2020 1.04 [0.87; 1.23]
Udwadia, 2020 0.06 [0.01; 0.83]
Yakoot, 2020 0.38 [0.07; 2.08]
0.75 [0.58 ; 0.98 ] Abd-Elsalam, 2021, Ansarin, 2020, Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020, COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020, Gaitan-Duarte (Rosuvastatin plus colchicine plus emtricitabine/tenofovir), 2021, Galan, 2021, GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020, I-TECH (Lim), 2022, Jun C, 2020, Khan, 2020, Kirti, 2021, Li T, 2020, Lou Y, 2020, Mahajan, 2021, Mobarak S (DISCOVER), 2021, RECOVERY (AZI, Horby), 2020, RIVET-COV (Mohan) (12mg and 24mg), 2021, Sadeghi , 2020, Sekhavati, 2020, Shahbaznejad, 2020, Singh, 2020, Solaymani-Dodaran, 2021, SOLIDARITY (remdesivir), 2020, Udwadia, 2020, Yakoot, 2020 26 65% 19,230 moderate critical mechanical ventilation (time to event analysis only)detailed results Magagnoli (HC AZ), 2020 0.43 [0.16; 1.14]
Magagnoli (HC), 2020 1.43 [0.53; 3.82]
Udwadia, 2020 0.06 [0.01; 0.83]
0.50 [0.13 ; 1.90 ] Magagnoli (HC AZ), 2020, Magagnoli (HC), 2020, Udwadia, 2020 3 68% 14 serious not evaluable radiologic improvement (14-day)detailed results Cai -FAVIPIRAVIR, 2020 6.48 [1.72; 24.44]
ELACOI (lopinavir/ritonavir), 2020 0.48 [0.02; 11.28]
ELACOI (Standard of care), 2020 0.18 [0.01; 3.99]
Huang, 2020 1.33 [0.94; 1.88]
NCT04310228-FAVI (Zhao), 2020 0.32 [0.06; 1.63]
Rashad A (AZI vs SoC), 2021 1.64 [0.94; 2.88]
1.37 [0.74 ; 2.54 ] Cai -FAVIPIRAVIR, 2020, ELACOI (lopinavir/ritonavir), 2020, ELACOI (Standard of care), 2020, Huang, 2020, NCT04310228-FAVI (Zhao), 2020, Rashad A (AZI vs SoC), 2021 6 54% 354 moderate not evaluable radiologic improvement (7-day)detailed results ELACOI (lopinavir/ritonavir), 2020 0.10 [0.00; 2.09]
ELACOI (Standard of care), 2020 0.08 [0.00; 1.71]
Huang, 2020 2.40 [0.26; 22.51]
Ren, 2020 (REV) 0.05 [0.00; 1.17]
Zhaowei Chen, 2020 3.43 [1.10; 10.70]
0.45 [0.07 ; 3.02 ] ELACOI (lopinavir/ritonavir), 2020, ELACOI (Standard of care), 2020, Huang, 2020, Ren, 2020 (REV), Zhaowei Chen, 2020 5 69% 150 moderate serious viral clearance detailed results AVIFAVIR, 2020 3.89 [1.23; 12.29]
Camprubi, 2020 0.52 [0.10; 2.58]
Chaccour, 2020 0.92 [0.77; 1.09]
Dabbous HM, 2020 1.33 [0.60; 2.93]
ELACOI (lopinavir/ritonavir), 2020 1.28 [0.19; 8.76]
ELACOI (Standard of care), 2020 2.80 [0.31; 25.53]
Espitia-Hernandez, 2020 715.00 [12.94; 39513.71]
Gautret et al., 2020 16.33 [2.80; 95.27]
HC-nCoV (Shanghai), 2020 0.46 [0.04; 5.75]
Holubar M, 2021 0.76 [0.48; 1.20]
Huang, 2020 1.20 [0.78; 1.85]
Hung et al., 2020 4.37 [1.86; 10.25]
jRCTs041190120, 2020 1.42 [0.76; 2.62]
Jun C, 2020 0.82 [0.36; 1.87]
Lou (FAVIPIRAVIR), 2020 0.18 [0.01; 4.75]
Min, 2020 1.53 [0.81; 2.88]
NCT04542694, 2020 13.03 [2.96; 57.24]
Ren, 2020 (REV) 0.04 [0.00; 0.79]
RIVET-COV (Mohan) (12mg and 24mg), 2021 1.10 [0.50; 2.39]
Ruzhentsova T, 2020 1.28 [0.92; 1.79]
Tang, 2020 0.85 [0.58; 1.23]
Udwadia, 2020 1.37 [0.94; 1.98]
1.35 [1.04 ; 1.76 ] AVIFAVIR, 2020, Camprubi, 2020, Chaccour, 2020, Dabbous HM, 2020, ELACOI (lopinavir/ritonavir), 2020, ELACOI (Standard of care), 2020, Espitia-Hernandez, 2020, Gautret et al., 2020, HC-nCoV (Shanghai), 2020, Holubar M, 2021, Huang, 2020, Hung et al., 2020, jRCTs041190120, 2020, Jun C, 2020, Lou (FAVIPIRAVIR), 2020, Min, 2020, NCT04542694, 2020, Ren, 2020 (REV), RIVET-COV (Mohan) (12mg and 24mg), 2021, Ruzhentsova T, 2020, Tang, 2020, Udwadia, 2020 22 68% 1,639 moderate critical viral clearance (time to event analysis only)detailed results Ahmed, 2020 4.10 [1.12; 14.99]
Chen_arbidol, 2020 0.80 [0.53; 1.21]
Chen_chloroquine, 2020 0.98 [0.58; 1.66]
Chen_lopi_rito, 2020 0.78 [0.55; 1.11]
Holubar M, 2021 0.76 [0.48; 1.20]
Hung et al., 2020 4.37 [1.86; 10.25]
jRCTs041190120, 2020 1.42 [0.76; 2.62]
Jun C, 2020 0.82 [0.36; 1.87]
Min, 2020 1.53 [0.81; 2.88]
Ruzhentsova T, 2020 1.28 [0.92; 1.79]
Tang, 2020 0.85 [0.58; 1.23]
Udwadia, 2020 1.37 [0.94; 1.98]
1.13 [0.90 ; 1.43 ] Ahmed, 2020, Chen_arbidol, 2020, Chen_chloroquine, 2020, Chen_lopi_rito, 2020, Holubar M, 2021, Hung et al., 2020, jRCTs041190120, 2020, Jun C, 2020, Min, 2020, Ruzhentsova T, 2020, Tang, 2020, Udwadia, 2020 12 61% 1,538 serious critical viral clearance by day 14detailed results Ahmed, 2020 4.10 [1.12; 14.99]
AVIFAVIR, 2020 3.08 [0.62; 15.39]
Bukhari, 2021 0.91 [0.02; 46.94]
Chen, 2020 1.42 [0.26; 7.76]
Chen_arbidol, 2020 1.17 [0.50; 2.73]
Chen_chloroquine, 2020 0.69 [0.24; 2.00]
Chen_lopi_rito, 2020 0.53 [0.27; 1.03]
ELACOI (lopinavir/ritonavir), 2020 1.28 [0.19; 8.76]
ELACOI (Lopinavir/ritonavir), 2020 1.84 [0.40; 8.38]
ELACOI (Standard of care), 2020 2.80 [0.31; 25.53]
Huang, 2020 6.08 [2.74; 13.48]
Huang, 2020 1.09 [0.95; 1.26]
Li T, 2020 1.00 [0.03; 34.67]
Lou (FAVIPIRAVIR), 2020 0.18 [0.01; 4.75]
Lou Y, 2020 0.12 [0.01; 2.86]
Ruzhentsova T, 2020 0.99 [0.93; 1.06]
1.19 [0.93 ; 1.54 ] Ahmed, 2020, AVIFAVIR, 2020, Bukhari, 2021, Chen, 2020, Chen_arbidol, 2020, Chen_chloroquine, 2020, Chen_lopi_rito, 2020, ELACOI (lopinavir/ritonavir), 2020, ELACOI (Lopinavir/ritonavir), 2020, ELACOI (Standard of care), 2020, Huang, 2020, Huang, 2020, Li T, 2020, Lou (FAVIPIRAVIR), 2020, Lou Y, 2020, Ruzhentsova T, 2020 16 58% 1,468 serious low viral clearance by day 7detailed results AVIFAVIR, 2020 3.89 [1.23; 12.29]
Bukhari, 2021 11.56 [3.53; 37.91]
Chaccour, 2020 0.92 [0.77; 1.09]
Dabbous HM, 2020 1.33 [0.60; 2.93]
ELACOI (lopinavir/ritonavir), 2020 0.30 [0.05; 1.91]
ELACOI (Lopinavir/ritonavir), 2020 1.08 [0.41; 2.89]
ELACOI (Standard of care), 2020 0.67 [0.10; 4.58]
Huang, 2020 1.20 [0.60; 2.40]
Jun C, 2020 0.58 [0.14; 2.48]
Kirti, 2021 0.80 [0.43; 1.50]
Lou Y, 2020 1.50 [0.26; 8.82]
Ren, 2020 (REV) 0.04 [0.00; 0.79]
RIVET-COV (Mohan) (12mg and 24mg), 2021 1.10 [0.50; 2.39]
Ruzhentsova T, 2020 1.05 [0.92; 1.20]
1.13 [0.86 ; 1.47 ] AVIFAVIR, 2020, Bukhari, 2021, Chaccour, 2020, Dabbous HM, 2020, ELACOI (lopinavir/ritonavir), 2020, ELACOI (Lopinavir/ritonavir), 2020, ELACOI (Standard of care), 2020, Huang, 2020, Jun C, 2020, Kirti, 2021, Lou Y, 2020, Ren, 2020 (REV), RIVET-COV (Mohan) (12mg and 24mg), 2021, Ruzhentsova T, 2020 14 58% 875 moderate low ICU admissiondetailed results Abd-Elsalam, 2020 0.83 [0.35; 1.95]
Ansarin, 2020 0.14 [0.03; 0.67]
Eslami, 2020 0.22 [0.07; 0.71]
FACCT Trial, 2021 1.42 [0.79; 2.55]
Gaitan-Duarte (Rosuvastatin plus colchicine plus emtricitabine/tenofovir), 2021 0.87 [0.69; 1.10]
Galan, 2021 1.42 [0.68; 2.99]
I-TECH (Lim), 2022 0.78 [0.27; 2.23]
Khamis, 2020 1.03 [0.35; 3.03]
Khan, 2020 0.10 [0.01; 0.77]
Kirti, 2021 0.90 [0.30; 2.70]
Lou (FAVIPIRAVIR), 2020 5.43 [0.21; 139.89]
Lou Y, 2020 2.11 [0.06; 70.98]
ProPAC-COVID, 2021 1.24 [0.26; 5.80]
Rocco, 2020 4.11 [0.18; 91.83]
Sekhavati, 2020 0.25 [0.05; 1.28]
Solaymani-Dodaran, 2021 1.23 [0.70; 2.18]
Yakoot, 2020 0.38 [0.07; 2.08]
0.83 [0.61 ; 1.14 ] Abd-Elsalam, 2020, Ansarin, 2020, Eslami, 2020, FACCT Trial, 2021, Gaitan-Duarte (Rosuvastatin plus colchicine plus emtricitabine/tenofovir), 2021, Galan, 2021, I-TECH (Lim), 2022, Khamis, 2020, Khan, 2020, Kirti, 2021, Lou (FAVIPIRAVIR), 2020, Lou Y, 2020, ProPAC-COVID, 2021, Rocco, 2020, Sekhavati, 2020, Solaymani-Dodaran, 2021, Yakoot, 2020 17 40% 3,042 moderate low off oxygenationdetailed results HYDRA (Hernandez-Cardenas), 2021 0.98 [0.64; 1.51]
0.98 [0.64 ; 1.51 ] HYDRA (Hernandez-Cardenas), 2021 1 0% 214 NA not evaluable recoverydetailed results Abdulamir, 2021 1.00 [0.20; 5.12]
Eslami, 2020 8.25 [1.61; 42.37]
GS-US-540-5773 (Goldman), 2020 0.81 [0.64; 1.03]
GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020 1.11 [0.90; 1.37]
GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020 1.18 [0.96; 1.45]
Mobarak S (DISCOVER), 2021 0.97 [0.89; 1.05]
Yakoot, 2020 1.60 [1.00; 2.55]
1.08 [0.91 ; 1.28 ] Abdulamir, 2021, Eslami, 2020, GS-US-540-5773 (Goldman), 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020, Mobarak S (DISCOVER), 2021, Yakoot, 2020 7 65% 2,577 moderate not evaluable severe COVID-19 occurrencedetailed results ELACOI (Lopinavir/ritonavir), 2020 0.30 [0.07; 1.27]
0.30 [0.07 ; 1.27 ] ELACOI (Lopinavir/ritonavir), 2020 1 0% 69 NA not evaluable AE leading to drug discontinuationdetailed results CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020 2.43 [0.79; 7.45]
2.43 [0.79 ; 7.45 ] CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020 1 0% 233 NA not evaluable cardiac arrestdetailed results Rosenberg, 2020 1.91 [0.96; 3.81]
SOLIDARITY (WHO study) HCQ, 2020 1.92 [0.35; 10.49]
1.91 [1.01 ; 3.62 ] Rosenberg, 2020, SOLIDARITY (WHO study) HCQ, 2020 2 0% 1,853 serious not evaluable related SAE (TRSAE)detailed results COALITION II Covid-19 Brazil (Furtado), 2020 1.24 [0.50; 3.11]
1.24 [0.50 ; 3.11 ] COALITION II Covid-19 Brazil (Furtado), 2020 1 0% 439 NA not evaluable serious adverse eventsdetailed results Cao, 2020 0.52 [0.27; 1.01]
CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020 0.64 [0.33; 1.23]
Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020 1.87 [0.36; 9.75]
COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020 1.02 [0.20; 5.10]
COALITION II Covid-19 Brazil (Furtado), 2020 1.20 [0.82; 1.77]
GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020 0.55 [0.25; 1.23]
GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020 0.50 [0.22; 1.14]
Hung et al., 2020 0.23 [0.01; 7.12]
Krolewiecki, 2020 1.00 [0.03; 31.59]
Lou Y, 2020 2.25 [0.38; 13.47]
NCT04523831 (Mahmud), 2020 3.97 [0.18; 88.58]
NCT04542694, 2020 6.15 [0.30; 124.49]
NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 0.72 [0.54; 0.96]
ORCHID, 2020 1.26 [0.56; 2.84]
REMAP-CAP (lopinavir/ritonavir only), 2020 1.57 [0.70; 3.49]
REMAP-CAP (lopinavir/ritonavir plus hydroxychloroquine), 2020 0.97 [0.22; 4.33]
Ren, 2020 (REV) 1.00 [0.02; 55.80]
RIVET-COV (Mohan) (12mg and 24mg), 2021 0.52 [0.01; 26.47]
Ruzhentsova T, 2020 2.06 [0.09; 46.40]
Sadeghi , 2020 1.00 [0.02; 51.94]
Shinkai, 2021 2.80 [0.14; 56.95]
Udwadia, 2020 1.03 [0.02; 52.48]
Yakoot, 2020 1.02 [0.02; 52.72]
0.85 [0.71 ; 1.01 ] Cao, 2020, CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020, Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020, COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020, COALITION II Covid-19 Brazil (Furtado), 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020, Hung et al., 2020, Krolewiecki, 2020, Lou Y, 2020, NCT04523831 (Mahmud), 2020, NCT04542694, 2020, NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020, ORCHID, 2020, REMAP-CAP (lopinavir/ritonavir only), 2020, REMAP-CAP (lopinavir/ritonavir plus hydroxychloroquine), 2020, Ren, 2020 (REV), RIVET-COV (Mohan) (12mg and 24mg), 2021, Ruzhentsova T, 2020, Sadeghi , 2020, Shinkai, 2021, Udwadia, 2020, Yakoot, 2020 23 0% 6,601 moderate critical abnormal ECG findingsdetailed results Rosenberg, 2020 1.50 [0.88; 2.57]
1.50 [0.88 ; 2.57 ] Rosenberg, 2020 1 0% NA not evaluable acute kidney injury detailed results Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020 1.18 [0.44; 3.18]
1.18 [0.44 ; 3.18 ] Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020 1 0% 345 NA not evaluable adverse eventsdetailed results Cai -FAVIPIRAVIR, 2020 0.10 [0.03; 0.34]
Chaccour, 2020 1.00 [0.20; 5.07]
Chen, ChiCTR2000030054 - Chloroquine, 2020 4.00 [0.67; 23.73]
ChiCTR2000030054-HCQ (Chen), 2020 5.00 [0.85; 29.57]
Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020 2.22 [1.43; 3.44]
Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti)-Hydroxychloroquine, 2020 0.88 [0.29; 2.65]
COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020 1.21 [0.82; 1.78]
Eslami, 2020 0.11 [0.01; 2.17]
GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020 1.63 [1.09; 2.42]
GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020 1.21 [0.82; 1.80]
HC-nCoV (Shanghai), 2020 1.45 [0.26; 8.01]
Holubar M, 2021 2.07 [0.89; 4.83]
Huang, 2020 1.80 [0.14; 23.37]
Krolewiecki, 2020 1.53 [0.42; 5.58]
NCT04310228-FAVI (Zhao), 2020 0.60 [0.05; 6.80]
NCT04523831 (Mahmud), 2020 18.57 [1.07; 322.77]
NCT04542694, 2020 1.00 [0.54; 1.85]
ORCHID, 2020 1.42 [0.87; 2.34]
RECOVERY, 2020 1.36 [0.98; 1.90]
Ren, 2020 (REV) 8.14 [0.35; 189.85]
RIVET-COV (Mohan) (12mg and 24mg), 2021 1.25 [0.45; 3.47]
Ruzhentsova T, 2020 1.90 [0.96; 3.80]
Shinkai, 2021 19.54 [7.77; 49.11]
Spoorthi, 2020 2.19 [0.61; 7.81]
Tang, 2020 9.64 [0.50; 185.60]
TEACH, 2020 1.16 [0.55; 2.42]
Udwadia, 2020 6.36 [2.43; 16.65]
1.67 [1.24 ; 2.23 ] Cai -FAVIPIRAVIR, 2020, Chaccour, 2020, Chen, ChiCTR2000030054 - Chloroquine, 2020, ChiCTR2000030054-HCQ (Chen), 2020, Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020, Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti)-Hydroxychloroquine, 2020, COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020, Eslami, 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 10 days, 2020, GS-US-540-5774, 5 days, 2020, HC-nCoV (Shanghai), 2020, Holubar M, 2021, Huang, 2020, Krolewiecki, 2020, NCT04310228-FAVI (Zhao), 2020, NCT04523831 (Mahmud), 2020, NCT04542694, 2020, ORCHID, 2020, RECOVERY, 2020, Ren, 2020 (REV), RIVET-COV (Mohan) (12mg and 24mg), 2021, Ruzhentsova T, 2020, Shinkai, 2021, Spoorthi, 2020, Tang, 2020, TEACH, 2020, Udwadia, 2020 27 68% 9,226 moderate low arrhythmiadetailed results Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020 2.24 [0.23; 21.69]
RECOVERY (AZI, Horby), 2020 0.90 [0.71; 1.15]
Rosenberg, 2020 1.67 [0.97; 2.86]
Sekhavati, 2020 0.98 [0.02; 50.38]
1.16 [0.74 ; 1.80 ] Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020, RECOVERY (AZI, Horby), 2020, Rosenberg, 2020, Sekhavati, 2020 4 36% 8,782 moderate not evaluable deep vein thrombosisdetailed results CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020 0.50 [0.03; 8.10]
NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 0.64 [0.23; 1.81]
0.62 [0.23 ; 1.64 ] CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020, NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 2 0% 1,296 moderate not evaluable elevated liver enzymesdetailed results CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020 0.36 [0.13; 1.01]
Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020 3.48 [1.40; 8.64]
NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 0.67 [0.38; 1.18]
0.95 [0.29 ; 3.10 ] CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020, Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020, NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 3 84% 1,712 moderate not evaluable hyperbilirubinemiadetailed results CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020 1.09 [0.42; 2.79]
NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 0.84 [0.30; 2.34]
0.97 [0.48 ; 1.93 ] CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020, NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 2 0% 1,296 low not evaluable long QTdetailed results Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020 9.79 [1.27; 75.50]
COALITION II Covid-19 Brazil (Furtado), 2020 0.90 [0.56; 1.43]
2.39 [0.24 ; 23.87 ] Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020, COALITION II Covid-19 Brazil (Furtado), 2020 2 80% 613 moderate not evaluable pulmonary embolismdetailed results CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020 0.50 [0.03; 8.10]
NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 0.96 [0.19; 4.80]
0.82 [0.20 ; 3.29 ] CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020, NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 2 0% 1,296 moderate not evaluable renal impairmentdetailed results CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020 1.01 [0.03; 30.33]
COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020 1.35 [0.47; 3.86]
COALITION II Covid-19 Brazil (Furtado), 2020 1.44 [0.99; 2.11]
NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 1.02 [0.64; 1.61]
1.26 [0.95 ; 1.67 ] CAP-China (Wang et al.), 2020, COALITION I Covid-19 Brazil (AZI, Cavalcanti), 2020, COALITION II Covid-19 Brazil (Furtado), 2020, NIH NIAID ACTT-1, 2020 4 0% 2,066 moderate not evaluable serious adverse events (SAE), anydetailed results GS-US-540-5773 (Goldman), 2020 0.50 [0.32; 0.79]
0.50 [0.32 ; 0.79 ] GS-US-540-5773 (Goldman), 2020 1 0% 397 NA not evaluable severe adverse eventsdetailed results Ansarin, 2020 1.00 [0.02; 51.70]
Patel, 2021 1.21 [0.02; 64.67]
1.10 [0.07 ; 18.09 ] Ansarin, 2020, Patel, 2021 2 0% 111 serious not evaluable Thromboembolic eventsdetailed results Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020 0.89 [0.31; 2.55]
0.89 [0.31 ; 2.55 ] Coalition Covid-19 Brazil I (Cavalcanti) - HCQ AZI, 2020 1 0% 345 NA not evaluable 0.2 5.0 1.0 relative treatment effect www.metaEvidence.org 2024-06-29 16:06 +02:00
TE: relative treatment effect (measured by a risk ratio, an odds ratio or an hazard ratio depending on what is reported in the papers);
k: number of studies; n: total number of patients;
ROB: risk of bias (ROB 2.0); Pub. bias: publication bias; OBS: observational studies; RCT: randomized clinical trials
pathologies: 95,94,90,91
- treatments: 545,1253,519,619,537,514,688,529,508,656,657,832,530,512,515,754,1142,1419,513,884,632,559,889,956,684,886,631,574,509,542,1145,555,554,941,961,1250,633,676,518,532,510,528,520,955,815,893,623,622,630,593,569,516,814
- roots T: 290
