Benzodiazepines (Psy and mixed indications) updated on 02-10-2025

Neonatal disorders (as a whole)

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S15584
R64109		 Coste - Clonazepam (Mixed indications), 2020 Neonatal condition during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) retrospective cohort (claims database) unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: No BZD Coexposure: No (among antiseizure medications) 1.26 [1.08;1.46] C 197/1,246   222,201/1,710,441 222,398 1,246
ref
S15587
R64167		 Källén - BZDs, 2013 Neonatal diagnosis (birth asphyxia, necrotic enterocolitis, chronic respiratory disease, feeding problems, convulsions, ...) 2nd and/or 3rd trimester population based cohort retrospective unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes BZD Coexposure: Not specified 1.74 [1.55;1.96] 342/-   -/- - -
ref
Total 2 studies 1.48 [1.08;2.04] 222,398 1,246
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Coste - Clonazepam (Mixed indications), 2020Coste - Clonazepam, 2020 1 1.26[1.08; 1.46]222,3981,24649%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: moderateROB classification: moderateROB missing: moderateROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Källén - BZDs, 2013Källén - BZDs, 2013 1.74[1.55; 1.96]--51%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: lowROB classification: moderateROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Total (2 studies) I2 = 91% 1.48[1.08; 2.04]222,3981,2460.55.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Mixed indications;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 1.48[1.08; 2.04]222,3981,24691%NACoste - Clonazepam (Mixed indications), 2020 Källén - BZDs, 2013 2 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 1.48[1.08; 2.04]222,3981,24691%NACoste - Clonazepam (Mixed indications), 2020 Källén - BZDs, 2013 2 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 1.26[1.08; 1.46]222,3981,246 -NACoste - Clonazepam (Mixed indications), 2020 1   - Yes  - Yes 1.74[1.55; 1.96]-- -NAKällén - BZDs, 2013 1 BZD Coexposure   - No (among antiseizure medications)  - No (among antiseizure medications) 1.26[1.08; 1.46]222,3981,246 -NACoste - Clonazepam (Mixed indications), 2020 1   - Not specified  - Not specified 1.74[1.55; 1.96]-- -NAKällén - BZDs, 2013 1 All studiesAll studies 1.48[1.08; 2.04]222,3981,24691%NACoste - Clonazepam (Mixed indications), 2020 Källén - BZDs, 2013 20.55.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 1.48[1.08; 2.04]222,7311,24691%NACoste - Clonazepam (Mixed indications), 2020 Källén - BZDs, 2013 20.510.01.0