Semaglutide

Preterm (< 37 weeks)

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S18830
R80182		 Kolding (Controls exposed to insulin), 2025 Preterm birth (22-37 SA) 1st trimester retrospective cohort exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: No GLP1-RA indication: Mixed (Diabetes and/or Overweight) or Unspecified 0.83 [0.27;2.15]
excluded (control group) 		6/30   122/527 128 30
ref
S18831
R80189		 Kolding (Controls unexposed, general pop), 2025 Preterm birth (22-37 SA) 1st trimester retrospective cohort unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: No GLP1-RA indication: Mixed (Diabetes and/or Overweight) or Unspecified 4.95 [1.65;12.43] 6/30   4,846/100,788 4,852 30
ref
S18784
R79943		 Maya, 2025 Preterm delivery (28-36 weeks’ gestation) 3 months or more before pregnancy or1st trimester excluded retrospective cohort unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: No GLP1-RA indication: Mixed (Diabetes and/or Overweight) or Unspecified Matched 1.18 [0.76;1.84]
excluded (exposition period) 		35/247   89/741 124 247
ref
Total 1 studies 4.95 [1.80;13.59] 4,852 30
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Kolding (Controls unexposed, general pop), 2025Kolding, 2025 1 4.95[1.65; 12.43]4,852300%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: lowROB classification: moderateROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate0.910.01.0ROB: A: confounding, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Controls unexposed, general pop;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 4.95[1.80; 13.59]4,85230 -NAKolding (Controls unexposed, general pop), 2025 1 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 4.95[1.80; 13.59]4,85230 -NAKolding (Controls unexposed, general pop), 2025 1 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 4.95[1.80; 13.59]4,85230 -NAKolding (Controls unexposed, general pop), 2025 1 GLP1-RA indication   - Mixed (Diabetes and/or Overweight) ...  - Mixed (Diabetes and/or Overweight) or Unspecified 4.95[1.80; 13.59]4,85230 -NAKolding (Controls unexposed, general pop), 2025 1 All studiesAll studies 4.95[1.80; 13.59]4,85230 -NAKolding (Controls unexposed, general pop), 2025 10.510.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 18830

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 4.95[1.80; 13.59]4,85230 -NAKolding (Controls unexposed, general pop), 2025 1 exposed to other treatment, sick controlsexposed to other treatment, sick controls 0.83[0.29; 2.34]12830 -NAKolding (Controls exposed to insulin), 2025 10.510.01.0