Chlordiazepoxide updated on 02-10-2025

Late intrauterine deaths (> 22 weeks) / Stillbirths

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S17858
R75353		 Meng a (Controls unexposed, sibling), 2023 Stillbirth (fetal death at or after 20 weeks’ gestation) early pregnancy population based cohort retrospective sibling excluded Adjustment: Yes BZD Coexposure: Yes (with psychiatric (ATD and/or psychotropics) medications) 1.01 [0.20;5.07]
excluded (control group) 		-/-   -/- - -
ref
S15637
R64534		 Meng a (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 Stillbirth (fetal death at or after 20 weeks’ gestation) early pregnancy population based cohort retrospective unexposed, sick Adjustment: Yes BZD Coexposure: Yes (with psychiatric (ATD and/or psychotropics) medications) 0.98 [0.51;1.89] 9/943   26,764/2,753,670 26,773 943
ref
S15644
R64567		 Milkovich, 1974 Fetal deaths at or after 20 weeks of gestation during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) retrospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No BZD Coexposure: Not specified Indication BZD: Psychiatric diseases (depression, anxiety, ...) 1.45 [0.57;3.64] C 7/186   14/532 21 186
ref
Total 2 studies 1.12 [0.65;1.90] 26,794 1,129
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Meng a (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023Meng a, 2023 1 0.98[0.51; 1.89]26,77394367%ROB confusion: moderateROB selection: lowROB classification: moderateROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Milkovich, 1974Milkovich, 1974 1.45[0.57; 3.64]2118633%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: unclearROB classification: criticalROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: critical Total (2 studies) I2 = 0% 1.12[0.65; 1.90]26,7941,1290.25.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Controls unexposed, sick;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 1.12[0.65; 1.90]26,7941,1290%NAMeng a (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 Milkovich, 1974 2 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 1.12[0.65; 1.90]26,7941,1290%NAMeng a (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 Milkovich, 1974 2 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 1.45[0.57; 3.64]21186 -NAMilkovich, 1974 1   - Yes  - Yes 0.98[0.51; 1.89]26,773943 -NAMeng a (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 1 BZD Coexposure   - Not specified  - Not specified 1.45[0.57; 3.64]21186 -NAMilkovich, 1974 1   - Yes (with psychiatric (ATD and/or p ...  - Yes (with psychiatric (ATD and/or psychotropics) medications) 0.98[0.51; 1.89]26,773943 -NAMeng a (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 1 Indication BZD   - Psychiatric diseases (depression, a ...  - Psychiatric diseases (depression, anxiety, ...) 1.45[0.57; 3.64]21186 -NAMilkovich, 1974 1 All studiesAll studies 1.12[0.65; 1.90]26,7941,1290%NAMeng a (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 Milkovich, 1974 20.25.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 17858

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 1.12[0.65; 1.90]26,7941,1290%NAMeng a (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 Milkovich, 1974 2 siblingssiblings 1.01[0.20; 5.09]-- -NAMeng a (Controls unexposed, sibling), 2023 10.510.01.0