Alprazolam updated on 02-10-2025

Low birth weight (< 2500g)

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S15641
R64551		 Kelty (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2023 Birth weight < 2,500 g during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) retrospective cohort unexposed, disease free excluded Adjustment: No BZD Coexposure: Not specified 1.10 [0.38;3.19] C
excluded (control group) 		6/48   11/96 17 48
ref
S15642
R64556		 Kelty (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 Birth weight < 2,500 g during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) retrospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No BZD Coexposure: Not specified 1.23 [0.42;3.61] C 6/48   10/96 16 48
ref
S15643
R64560		 Lee, 2022 Low birth weight (< 2,500 g) 1st trimester prospective cohort unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes BZD Coexposure: Not specified 3.65 [1.22;11.00] 6/80   10/476 16 80
ref
Total 2 studies 2.11 [0.72;6.12] 32 128
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Kelty (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023Kelty, 2023 1 1.23[0.42; 3.61]164851%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: lowROB classification: criticalROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Lee, 2022Lee, 2022 3.65[1.22; 11.00]168049%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: moderateROB classification: moderateROB missing: criticalROB mesure: unclearROB reporting: moderate Total (2 studies) I2 = 48% 2.11[0.72; 6.12]321280.510.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Controls unexposed, sick;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 2.11[0.72; 6.12]3212848%NAKelty (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 Lee, 2022 2 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 3.65[1.22; 10.96]1680 -NALee, 2022 1 unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 1.23[0.42; 3.61]1648 -NAKelty (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 1 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 1.23[0.42; 3.61]1648 -NAKelty (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 1   - Yes  - Yes 3.65[1.22; 10.96]1680 -NALee, 2022 1 BZD Coexposure   - Not specified  - Not specified 2.11[0.72; 6.12]3212848%NAKelty (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 Lee, 2022 2 All studiesAll studies 2.11[0.72; 6.12]3212848%NAKelty (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 Lee, 2022 20.510.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 15641

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 1.99[0.62; 6.42]3312857%NAKelty (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2023 Lee, 2022 2 unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 1.23[0.42; 3.61]1648 -NAKelty (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 10.510.01.0