Fluconazole (all routes except local only) - Cumulative dose > 150 mg updated on 01-29-2025

Early intrauterine deaths (< 22 weeks) / Spontaneous abortions

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S17646
R74518		 Berard (> 150 mg), 2019 Spontaneous abortion (6-20 weeks of gestation) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) nested case control unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes Matched 3.20 [2.73;3.75] 249/891   29,209/319,977 29,458 891
ref
S17652
R74566		 Molgaard-Nielsen (> 350-5600), 2016 Spontaneous abortion (before week 22) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) population based cohort retrospective unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes Matched 1.55 [0.94;2.58] 15/345   563/13,246 578 345
ref
S17829
R75200		 Inman (> 150mg), 1994 Spontaneous abortion (NOS) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) retrospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No 4.82 [0.29;79.00] C 1/2   33/192 34 2
ref
Total 3 studies 2.42 [1.28;4.56] 30,070 1,238
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Berard (> 150 mg), 2019Berard, 2019 1 3.20[2.73; 3.75]29,45889154%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: lowROB classification: moderateROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Molgaard-Nielsen (> 350-5600), 2016Molgaard-Nielsen, 2016 2 1.55[0.94; 2.58]57834541%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: lowROB classification: criticalROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Inman (> 150mg), 1994Inman, 1994 3 4.82[0.29; 79.00]3425%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: criticalROB classification: criticalROB missing: lowROB mesure: criticalROB reporting: moderate Total (3 studies) I2 = 73% 2.42[1.28; 4.56]30,0701,2380.510.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: > 150 mg; 2: > 350-5600; 3: > 150mg;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 1.61[0.98; 2.64]6123470%NAMolgaard-Nielsen (> 350-5600), 2016 Inman (> 150mg), 1994 2 case control studiescase control studies 3.20[2.73; 3.75]29,458891 -NABerard (> 150 mg), 2019 1 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 2.32[1.15; 4.70]30,0361,23686%NABerard (> 150 mg), 2019 Molgaard-Nielsen (> 350-5600), 2016 2 unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 4.82[0.29; 79.00]342 -NAInman (> 150mg), 1994 1 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 4.82[0.29; 79.00]342 -NAInman (> 150mg), 1994 1   - Yes  - Yes 2.32[1.15; 4.70]30,0361,23686%NABerard (> 150 mg), 2019 Molgaard-Nielsen (> 350-5600), 2016 2 MatchedMatched 2.32[1.15; 4.70]30,0361,23686%NABerard (> 150 mg), 2019 Molgaard-Nielsen (> 350-5600), 2016 2 All studiesAll studies 2.42[1.28; 4.56]30,0701,23873%NABerard (> 150 mg), 2019 Molgaard-Nielsen (> 350-5600), 2016 Inman (> 150mg), 1994 30.510.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 2.32[1.15; 4.70]30,0361,23686%NABerard (> 150 mg), 2019 Molgaard-Nielsen (> 350-5600), 2016 2 unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 4.82[0.29; 79.00]342 -NAInman (> 150mg), 1994 10.510.01.0