Beta-blockers (All routes except ocular) (versus unexposed) updated on 12-17-2024

Hydrocephaly

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type  Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S13907
R54463
Bergman - Beta-blockers, 2018 Hydrocephalus 1st trimester case control unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes Indications Antihypertensive: All hypertensions, any indications or not specified 0.70 [0.30;2.00] 4/-   1,977/- 1,981 -
ref
S13785
R53985
Fisher a - Beta-blockers, 2018 Hydrocephaly 1st trimester case control unexposed, disease free Adjustment: No Indications Antihypertensive: All hypertensions, any indications or not specified 1.40 [0.30;4.50] 3/-   436/- 439 -
ref
Total 2 studies 0.88 [0.40;1.91] 2,420 0
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Bergman - Beta-blockers, 2018Bergman - Beta-blockers, 2018 0.70[0.30; 2.00]1,981-67%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: criticalROB classification: criticalROB missing: lowROB mesure: unclearROB reporting: moderate Fisher a - Beta-blockers, 2018Fisher a - Beta-blockers, 2018 1.40[0.30; 4.50]439-33%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: criticalROB classification: criticalROB missing: lowROB mesure: unclearROB reporting: moderate Total (2 studies) I2 = 0% 0.88[0.40; 1.91]2,420-0.25.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 0 case control studiescase control studies 0.88[0.40; 1.91]2,420-0%NABergman - Beta-blockers, 2018 Fisher a - Beta-blockers, 2018 2 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 0.88[0.40; 1.91]2,420-0%NABergman - Beta-blockers, 2018 Fisher a - Beta-blockers, 2018 2 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 1.40[0.36; 5.42]439- -NAFisher a - Beta-blockers, 2018 1   - Yes  - Yes 0.70[0.27; 1.81]1,981- -NABergman - Beta-blockers, 2018 1 Indications Antihypertensive   - All hypertensions, any indications ...  - All hypertensions, any indications or not specified 0.88[0.40; 1.91]2,420-0%NABergman - Beta-blockers, 2018 Fisher a - Beta-blockers, 2018 2 All studiesAll studies 0.88[0.40; 1.91]2,420-0%NABergman - Beta-blockers, 2018 Fisher a - Beta-blockers, 2018 20.25.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 0.88[0.40; 1.91]2,420-0%NABergman - Beta-blockers, 2018 Fisher a - Beta-blockers, 2018 20.510.01.0