| id | Study | Lib. in paper | Exposition period | Study type |
Control type |
Tags | OR 95%CI | x1/n1 x0/n0 | no cases | no exposed | ROB | Ref. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S17127 R71755 |
Delteil - Beta-blockers, 2024 | Circulatory system malformations | 1st trimester | retrospective cohort (claims database) | unexposed (general population or NOS) | Adjustment: No Indications Antihypertensive: Only chronic indication (hypertension or cardiac) | 1.62 [0.77;3.42] C | 7/974 737/165,775 | 744 | 974 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S13518 R52242 |
Fitton - Beta-blockers (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2021 | Circulatory defects (Q20-Q28) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | retrospective cohort (claims database) | unexposed, disease free excluded | Adjustment: Yes Indications Antihypertensive: All hypertensions, any indications or not specified |
1.26 [0.40;4.00] excluded (control group) |
5/985 873/252,598 | 878 | 985 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S13520 R52245 |
Fitton - Beta-blockers (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021 | Circulatory defects (Q20-Q28) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) excluded | retrospective cohort (claims database) | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No Indications Antihypertensive: All hypertensions, any indications or not specified |
1.93 [0.71;5.28] C excluded (exposition period) |
5/985 16/6,066 | 21 | 985 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S13539 R54082 |
Bateman_Nordic - Beta-blockers, 2018 | Cardiac malformations | 1st trimester | population based cohort retrospective | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: Yes Indications Antihypertensive: All hypertensions, any indications or not specified | 0.98 [0.52;1.84] | 15/682 55/2,895 | 70 | 682 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S13791 R54089 |
Bateman_USMAX - Beta-blockers, 2018 | Cardiac malformations | 1st trimester | retrospective cohort (claims database) | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: Yes Indications Antihypertensive: All hypertensions, any indications or not specified | 1.16 [0.82;1.63] | 37/1,668 224/13,232 | 261 | 1,668 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S13907 R54453 |
Bergman - Beta-blockers, 2018 | Congenital heart defects | 1st trimester | case control | unexposed (general population or NOS) | Adjustment: Yes Indications Antihypertensive: All hypertensions, any indications or not specified | 0.90 [0.70;1.20] | 87/227 32,432/83,001 | 32,519 | 227 |
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ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S14079 R55429 |
Gandjbakhch - Beta-blockers, 2018 | Cardiac malformations | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) excluded | retrospective cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No Indications Antihypertensive: Only cardiac indications other than hypertension (long QT syndrome, structural heart disease, ...) |
3.72 [0.07;196.99] C excluded (exposition period) |
0/13 0/47 | 0 | 13 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S13901 R54392 |
Duan - Beta-blockers, 2017 | Any cardiac anomalies | 1st trimester | retrospective cohort (claims database) | unexposed (general population or NOS) | Adjustment: Yes Indications Antihypertensive: All hypertensions, any indications or not specified | 1.00 [0.80;1.30] | 128/2,628 7,231/374,391 | 7,359 | 2,628 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S13888 R55949 |
Fisher - Beta-blockers (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2017 | Any Congenital Heart Defects | early pregnancy | case control | unexposed, disease free excluded | Adjustment: Yes Indications Antihypertensive: All hypertensions, any indications or not specified |
1.84 [1.25;2.72] excluded (control group) |
73/113 10,552/21,649 | 10,625 | 113 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S14244 R55961 |
Fisher - Beta-blockers (Controls unexposed, sick), 2017 | Any Congenital Heart Defects | early pregnancy | case control | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: Yes Indications Antihypertensive: All hypertensions, any indications or not specified | 1.62 [1.07;2.44] | 73/113 -/- | - | 113 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S13441 R51785 |
Lennestal - Beta-blockers, 2009 | Any cardiovascular defect | early pregnancy | population based cohort retrospective | unexposed (general population or NOS) | Adjustment: Yes Indications Antihypertensive: Only chronic hypertension indication | 2.76 [1.79;4.08] | 25/798 12,660/1,046,843 | 12,685 | 798 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S13375 R51734 |
Cedergren - Beta-blockers, 2002 | Congenital heart defects | early pregnancy | nested case control | unexposed (general population or NOS) | Adjustment: No Indications Antihypertensive: All hypertensions, any indications or not specified Matched | 0.28 [0.01;2.17] | 1/8 268/785 | 269 | 8 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | 8 studies | 1.28 [0.95;1.72] | 53,907 | 7,098 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1: Controls unexposed, sick;
Asymetry test p-value = 0.6332 (by Egger's regression)
slope=0.0236 (0.3186); intercept=0.8261 (1.6438); t=0.5026; p=0.6332
excluded 13888, 13518