Beta-blockers (All routes except ocular) (versus unexposed) updated on 12-17-2024

Digestive system anomalies

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type  Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S17127
R71763
Delteil - Beta-blockers, 2024 Digestive system malformations 1st trimester retrospective cohort (claims database) unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: No Indications Antihypertensive: Only chronic indication (hypertension or cardiac) 0.86 [0.12;6.14] C 1/974   198/165,775 199 974
ref
S13584
R52674
Queisser-Luft - Beta-blockers, 1996 Digestive system malformations throughout pregnancy nested case control unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: No Indications Antihypertensive: All hypertensions, any indications or not specified 5.20 [0.70;38.00] -/-   0/- - -
ref
Total 2 studies 2.10 [0.36;12.23] 199 974
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Delteil - Beta-blockers, 2024Delteil - Beta-blockers, 2024 0.86[0.12; 6.14]19997450%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: lowROB classification: criticalROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Queisser-Luft - Beta-blockers, 1996Queisser-Luft - Beta-blockers, 1996 5.20[0.70; 38.00]--50%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: lowROB classification: criticalROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: critical Total (2 studies) I2 = 37% 2.10[0.36; 12.23]1999740.220.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 0.86[0.12; 6.14]199974 -NADelteil - Beta-blockers, 2024 1 case control studiescase control studies 5.20[0.71; 38.31]-- -NAQueisser-Luft - Beta-blockers, 1996 1 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 2.10[0.36; 12.23]19997437%NADelteil - Beta-blockers, 2024 Queisser-Luft - Beta-blockers, 1996 2 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 2.10[0.36; 12.23]19997437%NADelteil - Beta-blockers, 2024 Queisser-Luft - Beta-blockers, 1996 2 Indications Antihypertensive   - All hypertensions, any indications ...  - All hypertensions, any indications or not specified 5.20[0.71; 38.31]-- -NAQueisser-Luft - Beta-blockers, 1996 1   - Only chronic indication (hypertensi ...  - Only chronic indication (hypertension or cardiac) 0.86[0.12; 6.14]199974 -NADelteil - Beta-blockers, 2024 1 All studiesAll studies 2.10[0.36; 12.23]19997437%NADelteil - Beta-blockers, 2024 Queisser-Luft - Beta-blockers, 1996 20.220.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 2.10[0.36; 12.23]19997437%NADelteil - Beta-blockers, 2024 Queisser-Luft - Beta-blockers, 1996 20.510.01.0