Fluoxetine updated on 07-01-2025

Ventricular septal defect

id	Study   Auto Anderson, 2020Wemakor, 2015Huybrechts (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2014Huybrechts (Controls unexposed, sick), 2014Jimenez-Solem (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2012Jimenez-Solem (Controls unexposed, sick), 2012Malm, 2011	Lib. in paper	Exposition period  Auto during pregnancy (anytime or not specified)1st trimester2nd trimester3rd trimester2nd and/or 3rd trimesterthroughout pregnancyearly pregnancydays before deliverylate pregnancypreconception-onlypericonceptionalpreconceptional for kinetic reasonat least 1st trimester3 months (or more) before pregnancy or during pregnancy1st and 2nd trimester3 months or more before pregnancy or1st trimesterPaternal exp. genotoxic window only (0–3 months preconception)Paternal exposure: epigenetic window only (3–xxx months preconception)Paternal exposure: genotoxic/epigenetic window (0–xxx months preconception)Paternal exposure: other window	Study type  All studies Case control excluded Only case control	Control type    Auto unexposed (general population or NOS)unexposed, sickunexposed, disease freeexposed to other treatment, sicknot specifiedsiblingwhatever (meta-analysis)	Tags	OR 95%CI	x1/n1 x0/n0	no cases	no exposed	ROB	Ref.
S7469 R22212	Anderson, 2020	Ventricular septal defect (VSD) – perimembranous type	1st trimester	case control	unexposed (general population or NOS)	Adjustment: Yes Monotherapy: substance alone among all Antidep (SSRI, SNRI, ...)	1.00 [0.53;1.89]	-/-   0/-	-	-		ref
S7349 R21463	Wemakor, 2015	Ventricular septal defect	1st trimester	case control	unexposed (general population or NOS)	Adjustment: Yes Monotherapy: substance alone among all Antidep (SSRI, SNRI, ...)	0.97 [0.47;2.02]	10/37   6,157/23,213	6,167	37		ref
S6102 R15926	Huybrechts (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2014	Ventricular Septal Defect	1st trimester	cohort	unexposed (general population or NOS) excluded	Adjustment: No Monotherapy: no or not specified	1.20 [0.90;1.59] excluded (control group)	48/11,048   3,212/885,115	3,260	11,048		ref
S6103 R15930	Huybrechts (Controls unexposed, sick), 2014	Ventricular Septal Defect	1st trimester	cohort	unexposed, sick	Adjustment: Yes Monotherapy: no or not specified Unexposed sick: old history of illness/treatment (> 12 months before pregnancy) or not specified	1.04 [0.74;1.46]	41/8,676   751/180,563	792	8,676		ref
S6016 R15530	Jimenez-Solem (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2012	Ventricular septal defects	1st trimester	population based cohort retrospective	unexposed (general population or NOS) excluded	Adjustment: Yes Monotherapy: substance alone among the specific class of antidep (SSRI, SNRI, ...)	1.03 [0.33;3.20] excluded (control group)	3/928   2,803/843,797	2,806	928		ref
S6021 R15612	Jimenez-Solem (Controls unexposed, sick), 2012	Ventricular septal defects	1st trimester	population based cohort retrospective	unexposed, sick	Adjustment: No Monotherapy: substance alone among the specific class of antidep (SSRI, SNRI, ...) Unexposed sick: intermediate history of illness/treatment (3-12 months before pregnancy)	0.29 [0.08;1.06] C	3/928   9/806	12	928		ref
S6242 R16491	Malm, 2011	Ventricular septal defects	1st trimester	population based cohort retrospective	unexposed (general population or NOS)	Adjustment: Yes Monotherapy: no or not specified	1.49 [1.00;2.20]	26/1,818   5,465/628,607	5,491	1,818		ref
					Total	5 studies	1.06 [0.77;1.46]		12,462	11,459
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

Sensitivity analysis

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 6016, 6102

Umbrella review (other published meta-analyses)