Acetaminophen (Paracetamol) updated on 09-20-2024

Neuro-developmental disorders (as a whole)

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S18555
R78888		 Okubo (Controls unexposed, general population), 2025 Composite neurodevelopmental outcome (ADHD, ASD, Intellectual Disability) - ICD-10 codes (F90, F84, F70-F79) diagnoses only or ADHD's medications for ADHD - Mean follow up 4.4 years during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) retrospective cohort (claims database) unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes Paracetamol use: prescription or medical files 1.08 [1.01;1.16] -/42,123   -/42,123 - 42,123
ref
S18556
R78895		 Okubo (Controls unexposed, sibling), 2025 Composite neurodevelopmental outcome (ADHD, ASD, Intellectual Disability) - ICD-10 codes (diagnoses only or ADHD's medications for ADHD) - Mean follow up 4.4 years during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) retrospective cohort (claims database) sibling excluded Adjustment: Yes Control group: Sibling Paracetamol use: prescription or medical files 0.87 [0.69;1.11]
excluded (control group) 		-/11,696   -/11,897 - 11,696
ref
Total 1 studies 1.08 [1.01;1.16] 0 42,123
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Okubo (Controls unexposed, general population), 2025Okubo, 2025 1 1.08[1.01; 1.16]-42,1230%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: lowROB classification: moderateROB missing: unclearROB mesure: criticalROB reporting: moderate0.55.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Controls unexposed, general population;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 1.08[1.01; 1.16]-42,123 -NAOkubo (Controls unexposed, general population), 2025 1 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 1.08[1.01; 1.16]-42,123 -NAOkubo (Controls unexposed, general population), 2025 1 Tags Adjustment   - Yes  - Yes 1.08[1.01; 1.16]-42,123 -NAOkubo (Controls unexposed, general population), 2025 1 Paracetamol use   - prescription or medical files  - prescription or medical files 1.08[1.01; 1.16]-42,123 -NAOkubo (Controls unexposed, general population), 2025 1 All studiesAll studies 1.08[1.01; 1.16]-42,123 -NAOkubo (Controls unexposed, general population), 2025 10.55.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 18556

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 1.08[1.01; 1.16]-42,123 -NAOkubo (Controls unexposed, general population), 2025 1 siblingssiblings 0.87[0.69; 1.10]-11,696 -NAOkubo (Controls unexposed, sibling), 2025 10.510.01.0