Acetaminophen (Paracetamol) updated on 09-20-2024

Composite criterion: malformations of the genital system (cryptorchidism or hypospadias or clitoral hypertrophy or labial fusion, …)

id	Study   Auto Zafeiri, 2022Fisher, 2016Lind, 2013Snijder, 2012Kristensen, 2011Jensen, 2010Rebordosa a, 2008	Lib. in paper	Exposition period  Auto during pregnancy (anytime or not specified)1st trimester2nd trimester3rd trimester2nd and/or 3rd trimesterthroughout pregnancyearly pregnancydays before deliverylate pregnancypreconception-onlypericonceptionalpreconceptional for kinetic reasonat least 1st trimester3 months (or more) before pregnancy or during pregnancy1st and 2nd trimester3 months or more before pregnancy or1st trimesterPaternal exp. genotoxic window only (0–3 months preconception)Paternal exposure: epigenetic window only (3–xxx months preconception)Paternal exposure: genotoxic/epigenetic window (0–xxx months preconception)Paternal exposure: other window	Study type  All studies Case control excluded Only case control	Control type    Auto unexposed (general population or NOS)unexposed, sickunexposed, disease freeexposed to other treatment, sicknot specifiedsiblingwhatever (meta-analysis)	Tags	OR 95%CI	x1/n1 x0/n0	no cases	no exposed	ROB	Ref.
S18513 R79326	Zafeiri, 2022	Cryptorchidism (only males included)	during pregnancy (anytime or not specified)	retrospective cohort	unexposed (general population or NOS)	Adjustment: Yes Paracetamol use: maternal ITW/questionnaires during pregnancy	0.87 [0.69;1.09]	107/12,354   357/54,866	464	12,354		ref
S18582 R79322	Fisher, 2016	Cryptorchidism (one or more testes not present in the inferior half of the scrotum for at least a few moments after manipulation)	during pregnancy (anytime or not specified)	prospective cohort	unexposed (general population or NOS)	Adjustment: No Paracetamol use: maternal ITW/questionnaires after pregnancy	0.97 [0.46;2.04] C	11/221   22/429	33	221		ref
S18599 R79327	Lind, 2013	Isolated Second- or Third-Degree Hypospadias	1st trimester	case control	unexposed (general population or NOS)	Adjustment: Yes Paracetamol use: maternal ITW/questionnaires after pregnancy	0.90 [0.80;1.10]	895/3,402   568/2,366	1,463	3,402		ref
S18585 R79325	Snijder, 2012	Cryptorchidism (one or both testes were non-palpable, or when they could not be manipulated to a stable position in the scrotum) - Cumulative prevalence over 30 months follow up	1st trimester	prospective cohort	unexposed (general population or NOS)	Adjustment: Yes Paracetamol use: maternal ITW/questionnaires during pregnancy	1.38 [0.52;3.64]	5/-   -/-	-	-		ref
S18564 R79324	Kristensen, 2011	Congenital cryptorchidism	during pregnancy (anytime or not specified)	prospective cohort	unexposed (general population or NOS)	Adjustment: Yes Paracetamol use: maternal ITW/questionnaires during pregnancy	1.34 [0.70;2.55]	23/233   19/257	42	233		ref
S18596 R79323	Jensen, 2010	Diagnosis of cryptorchidism coded in accordance with the International Classification of Diseases 10 (ICD10 codes: Q53, Q531, Q531A, Q532, Q532A, and Q539) - Follow up between 6 and 13 years old	throughout pregnancy	prospective cohort	unexposed (general population or NOS)	Adjustment: Yes Paracetamol use: maternal ITW/questionnaires during pregnancy	1.17 [0.94;1.46]	95/-   480/21,504	575	-		ref
S18505 R79328	Rebordosa a, 2008	Hypospadias	1st trimester	prospective cohort	unexposed (general population or NOS)	Adjustment: Yes Paracetamol use: maternal ITW/questionnaires during pregnancy	1.01 [0.76;1.33]	80/26,424   181/61,718	261	26,424		ref
					Total	7 studies	0.98 [0.88;1.08]		2,838	42,634
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

Sensitivity analysis

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded