Acetaminophen (Paracetamol) updated on 09-20-2024

Low Apgar score (< 7) (at 5 min)

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S18496
R78611		 Xu, 2024 APGAR < 7 score at 5 min during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) retrospective cohort unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes Paracetamol use: prescription or medical files 3.54 [1.74;7.20] 42/501   18/501 60 501
ref
S16647
R69889		 Sznajder, 2022 Apgar at 5-minutes < 8 during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) prospective cohort unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: No Paracetamol use: maternal ITW/questionnaires during pregnancy 0.89 [0.61;1.31] C 45/1,011   70/1,411 115 1,011
ref
S18513
R78662		 Zafeiri, 2022 APGAR score at 5 min < 7 during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) retrospective cohort unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes Paracetamol use: maternal ITW/questionnaires during pregnancy 1.53 [1.40;1.68] 690/24,024   2,216/106,508 2,906 24,024
ref
Total 3 studies 1.55 [0.92;2.62] 3,081 25,536
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Xu, 2024Xu, 2024 3.54[1.74; 7.20]6050124%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: unclearROB classification: moderateROB missing: criticalROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Sznajder, 2022Sznajder, 2022 0.89[0.61; 1.31]1151,01134%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: lowROB classification: moderateROB missing: criticalROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Zafeiri, 2022Zafeiri, 2022 1.53[1.40; 1.68]2,90624,02442%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: criticalROB classification: moderateROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Total (3 studies) I2 = 84% 1.55[0.92; 2.62]3,08125,5360.210.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 1.55[0.92; 2.62]3,08125,53684%NAXu, 2024 Sznajder, 2022 Zafeiri, 2022 3 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 1.55[0.92; 2.62]3,08125,53684%NAXu, 2024 Sznajder, 2022 Zafeiri, 2022 3 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 0.89[0.61; 1.31]1151,011 -NASznajder, 2022 1   - Yes  - Yes 2.15[0.96; 4.83]2,96624,52581%NAXu, 2024 Zafeiri, 2022 2 Paracetamol use   - maternal ITW/questionnaires during ...  - maternal ITW/questionnaires during pregnancy 1.21[0.72; 2.04]3,02125,03586%NASznajder, 2022 Zafeiri, 2022 2   - prescription or medical files  - prescription or medical files 3.54[1.74; 7.20]60501 -NAXu, 2024 1 All studiesAll studies 1.55[0.92; 2.62]3,08125,53684%NAXu, 2024 Sznajder, 2022 Zafeiri, 2022 30.210.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 1.55[0.92; 2.62]3,08125,53684%NAXu, 2024 Sznajder, 2022 Zafeiri, 2022 30.510.01.0