Risperidone Paliperidone updated on 06-10-2025

Congenital heart defects

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type  Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S18399
R77611
Chan (Controls exposed to FGA), 2024 Cardiac malformations at least 1st trimester retrospective cohort (claims database) exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: No 1.54 [0.32;7.40] C
excluded (control group)
2/69   8/420 10 69
ref
S18342
R77383
Chan (Controls unexposed, general pop), 2024 Cardiac malformations at least 1st trimester retrospective cohort (claims database) unexposed (general population or NOS) excluded Adjustment: Yes 1.82 [0.17;40.46]
excluded (control group)
2/69   8,218/464,017 8,220 69
ref
S18396
R77601
Chan (Controls unexposed, sick), 2024 Cardiac malformations at least 1st trimester retrospective cohort (claims database) unexposed, sick Adjustment: Yes 1.28 [0.04;98.88] 1/49   135/6,476 136 49
ref
S14306
R56429
Huybrechts (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2023 Cardiovascular Malformations 1st trimester population based cohort retrospective unexposed (general population or NOS) excluded Adjustment: Yes 0.95 [0.66;1.37]
excluded (control group)
-/2,798   -/6,455,324 - 2,798
ref
S14307
R56441
Huybrechts (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 Cardiovascular Malformations 1st trimester population based cohort retrospective unexposed, sick Adjustment: Yes 0.99 [0.67;1.47] -/2,270   -/318,731 - 2,270
ref
Total 2 studies 0.99 [0.67;1.47] 136 2,319
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Chan (Controls unexposed, sick), 2024Chan, 2024 1 1.28[0.04; 98.88]136491%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: moderateROB classification: moderateROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Huybrechts (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023Huybrechts, 2023 2 0.99[0.67; 1.47]-2,27099%ROB confusion: moderateROB selection: moderateROB classification: moderateROB missing: unclearROB mesure: unclearROB reporting: moderate Total (2 studies) I2 = 0% 0.99[0.67; 1.47]1362,3190.25.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Controls unexposed, sick; 2: Controls unexposed, sick;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 0.99[0.67; 1.47]1362,3190%NAChan (Controls unexposed, sick), 2024 Huybrechts (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 2 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 0.99[0.67; 1.47]1362,3190%NAChan (Controls unexposed, sick), 2024 Huybrechts (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 2 Tags Adjustment   - Yes  - Yes 0.99[0.67; 1.47]1362,3190%NAChan (Controls unexposed, sick), 2024 Huybrechts (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 2 All studiesAll studies 0.99[0.67; 1.47]1362,3190%NAChan (Controls unexposed, sick), 2024 Huybrechts (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 20.25.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 14306, 18399, 18342

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 0.96[0.67; 1.38]8,2202,8670%NAChan (Controls unexposed, general pop), 2024 Huybrechts (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2023 2 unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 0.99[0.67; 1.47]1362,3190%NAChan (Controls unexposed, sick), 2024 Huybrechts (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 2 exposed to other treatment, sick controlsexposed to other treatment, sick controls 1.54[0.32; 7.40]1069 -NAChan (Controls exposed to FGA), 2024 10.510.01.0