Atypical antipsychotics (Second generation) updated on 06-10-2025

Digestive system anomalies

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S12148
R45001		 Ellfolk (Controls exposed to FGA), 2021 Gastrointestinal malformations (ICD-9; 750,751,756.6) 1st trimester population based cohort retrospective exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: Yes 0.70 [0.12;3.98]
excluded (control group) 		7/3,478   3/1,030 10 3,478
ref
S12146
R44981		 Ellfolk (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2021 Gastrointestinal malformations (ICD-9; 750,751,756.6) 1st trimester population based cohort retrospective unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes Matched 0.37 [0.09;1.45] 7/3,478   45/22,540 52 3,478
ref
S2341
R2756		 Habermann (Control exposed to FGA), 2013 Malformations Digestive system 1st trimester prospective cohort exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: No 4.67 [0.22;97.85] C
excluded (control group) 		2/230   0/213 2 230
ref
S2385
R2936		 Habermann (Control unexposed, disease free), 2013 Malformations Digestive system 1st trimester prospective cohort unexposed, disease free Adjustment: No 0.94 [0.18;4.88] C 2/430   5/1,014 7 430
ref
Total 2 studies 0.55 [0.19;1.58] 59 3,908
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Ellfolk (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2021Ellfolk, 2021 1 0.37[0.09; 1.45]523,47858%ROB confusion: moderateROB selection: lowROB classification: criticalROB missing: moderateROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Habermann (Control unexposed, disease free), 2013Habermann, 2013 2 0.94[0.18; 4.88]743042%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: moderateROB classification: moderateROB missing: moderateROB mesure: criticalROB reporting: low Total (2 studies) I2 = 0% 0.55[0.19; 1.58]593,9080.22.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Controls unexposed, NOS; 2: Control unexposed, disease free;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 0.55[0.19; 1.58]593,9080%NAEllfolk (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2021 Habermann (Control unexposed, disease free), 2013 2 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 0.55[0.19; 1.58]593,9080%NAEllfolk (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2021 Habermann (Control unexposed, disease free), 2013 2 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 0.94[0.18; 4.88]7430 -NAHabermann (Control unexposed, disease free), 2013 1   - Yes  - Yes 0.37[0.09; 1.49]523,478 -NAEllfolk (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2021 1 MatchedMatched 0.37[0.09; 1.49]523,478 -NAEllfolk (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2021 1 All studiesAll studies 0.55[0.19; 1.58]593,9080%NAEllfolk (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2021 Habermann (Control unexposed, disease free), 2013 20.110.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 2341, 12148

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 0.55[0.19; 1.58]593,9080%NAEllfolk (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2021 Habermann (Control unexposed, disease free), 2013 2 exposed to other treatment, sick controlsexposed to other treatment, sick controls 1.18[0.22; 6.24]123,70811%NAEllfolk (Controls exposed to FGA), 2021 Habermann (Control exposed to FGA), 2013 20.510.01.0