Renin-angiotensin system (ACEIs and/or ARBs) (versus unexposed) updated on 03-11-2025

Neural Tube Defects

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S13783
R53937		 Li - ACE inhibitors (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2011 Neural tube defects at least 1st trimester retrospective cohort (claims database) unexposed, disease free excluded Adjustment: Yes Indications Antihypertensive: All hypertensions, any indications or not specified Renin angiotensin: ACEIs (Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors) 1.03 [0.45;2.36]
excluded (control group) 		6/652   2,447/396,236 2,453 652
ref
S13782
R53931		 Li - ACE inhibitors (Controls unexposed, sick), 2011 Neural tube defects at least 1st trimester retrospective cohort (claims database) unexposed, sick Adjustment: Yes Indications Antihypertensive: All hypertensions, any indications or not specified Renin angiotensin: ACEIs (Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors) 0.86 [0.37;2.03] 6/652   281/29,308 287 652
ref
Total 1 studies 0.86 [0.37;2.01] 287 652
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Li - ACE inhibitors (Controls unexposed, sick), 2011Li - ACE inhibitors, 2011 1 0.86[0.37; 2.03]2876520%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: moderateROB classification: criticalROB missing: moderateROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate0.22.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Controls unexposed, sick;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 0.86[0.37; 2.01]287652 -NALi - ACE inhibitors (Controls unexposed, sick), 2011 1 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 0.86[0.37; 2.01]287652 -NALi - ACE inhibitors (Controls unexposed, sick), 2011 1 Tags Adjustment   - Yes  - Yes 0.86[0.37; 2.01]287652 -NALi - ACE inhibitors (Controls unexposed, sick), 2011 1 Indications Antihypertensive   - All hypertensions, any indications ...  - All hypertensions, any indications or not specified 0.86[0.37; 2.01]287652 -NALi - ACE inhibitors (Controls unexposed, sick), 2011 1 Renin angiotensin   - ACEIs (Angiotensin-converting enzym ...  - ACEIs (Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors) 0.86[0.37; 2.01]287652 -NALi - ACE inhibitors (Controls unexposed, sick), 2011 1 All studiesAll studies 0.86[0.37; 2.01]287652 -NALi - ACE inhibitors (Controls unexposed, sick), 2011 10.210.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 13783

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 1.03[0.45; 2.36]2,453652 -NALi - ACE inhibitors (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2011 1 unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 0.86[0.37; 2.01]287652 -NALi - ACE inhibitors (Controls unexposed, sick), 2011 10.510.01.0