Carbimazole, Thiamazole (Methimazole)

Urinary malformations

id	Study   Auto Andersen (control exposed to PTU), 2019Andersen (control unexposed, disease free), 2019Seo (control exposed to PTU), 2018Seo (control unexposed, NOS), 2018Andersen 2017 (control exposed to PTU), 2017Andersen 2017 (control unexposed, disease free), 2017Andersen 2017 (control unexposed, sick), 2017Korelitz (control exposed to PTU), 2013Korelitz (control unexposed, disease free), 2013Korelitz (control unexposed, sick), 2013	Lib. in paper	Exposition period  Auto during pregnancy (anytime or not specified)1st trimester2nd trimester3rd trimester2nd and/or 3rd trimesterthroughout pregnancyearly pregnancydays before deliverylate pregnancypreconception-onlypericonceptionalpreconceptional for kinetic reasonat least 1st trimester3 months (or more) before pregnancy or during pregnancy1st and 2nd trimester3 months or more before pregnancy or1st trimester	Study type  All studies Case control excluded Only case control	Control type    Auto unexposed (general population or NOS)unexposed, sickunexposed, disease freeexposed to other treatment, sicknot specifiedsiblingwhatever (meta-analysis)	Tags	OR 95%CI	x1/n1 x0/n0	no cases	no exposed	ROB	Ref.
S3447 R6445	Andersen (control exposed to PTU), 2019	Urinary system (Q60-64)	early pregnancy	population based cohort retrospective	exposed to other treatment, sick excluded	Adjustment: No	0.97 [0.38;2.47] C excluded (control group)	12/1,574   7/889	19	1,574		ref
S3446 R6430	Andersen (control unexposed, disease free), 2019	Urinary system (Q60-64)	early pregnancy	population based cohort retrospective	unexposed, disease free	Adjustment: No	2.15 [1.22;3.80] C	12/1,574   4,125/1,159,181	4,137	1,574		ref
S3364 R6135	Seo (control exposed to PTU), 2018	Urinary system (Q60–Q64)	1st trimester	retrospective cohort (claims database)	exposed to other treatment, sick excluded	Adjustment: No	0.89 [0.38;2.06] C excluded (control group)	6/1,120   60/9,930	66	1,120		ref
S3365 R6147	Seo (control unexposed, NOS), 2018	Urinary system (Q60–Q64)	1st trimester	retrospective cohort (claims database)	unexposed (general population or NOS)	Adjustment: Yes	1.09 [0.49;2.43]	6/1,120   13,494/2,872,109	13,500	1,120		ref
S3337 R5709	Andersen 2017 (control exposed to PTU), 2017	Urinary system	early pregnancy	population based cohort retrospective	exposed to other treatment, sick excluded	Adjustment: No	0.45 [0.05;4.32] C excluded (control group)	1/162   3/218	4	162		ref
S3335 R5674	Andersen 2017 (control unexposed, disease free), 2017	Urinary system	early pregnancy	population based cohort retrospective	unexposed, disease free excluded	Adjustment: No	1.48 [0.21;10.60] C excluded (control group)	1/162   2,846/682,343	2,847	162		ref
S3336 R5688	Andersen 2017 (control unexposed, sick), 2017	Urinary system	early pregnancy	population based cohort retrospective	unexposed, sick	Adjustment: No	1.37 [0.17;11.21] C	1/162   7/1,551	8	162		ref
S3386 R6304	Korelitz (control exposed to PTU), 2013	Congenital anomalies of urinary system	3 months (or more) before pregnancy or during pregnancy	retrospective cohort (claims database)	exposed to other treatment, sick excluded	Adjustment: No	0.56 [0.03;9.92] C excluded (control group)	0/108   7/915	7	108		ref
S3384 R6288	Korelitz (control unexposed, disease free), 2013	Congenital anomalies of urinary system	3 months (or more) before pregnancy or during pregnancy	retrospective cohort (claims database)	unexposed, disease free excluded	Adjustment: No	1.06 [0.07;17.02] C excluded (control group)	0/108   2,780/634,858	2,780	108		ref
S3385 R6296	Korelitz (control unexposed, sick), 2013	Congenital anomalies of urinary system	3 months (or more) before pregnancy or during pregnancy excluded	retrospective cohort (claims database)	unexposed, sick	Adjustment: No	0.91 [0.05;15.23] C excluded (exposition period)	0/108   16/3,236	16	108		ref
					Total	3 studies	1.69 [1.08;2.67]		17,645	2,856
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

Sensitivity analysis

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 3386, 3384, 3337, 3335, 3364, 3447