| id | Study | Lib. in paper | Exposition period | Study type |
Control type |
Tags | OR 95%CI | x1/n1 x0/n0 | no cases | no exposed | ROB | Ref. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S14091 R55443 |
Ishikawa - Amlodipine (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2023 | Major congenital malformations | 1st trimester | retrospective cohort (claims database) | unexposed, disease free excluded | Adjustment: No Indications Antihypertensive: Only chronic hypertension indication |
1.98 [0.78;5.02] C excluded (control group) |
5/44 4,519/74,213 | 4,524 | 44 |
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| S14090 R55442 |
Ishikawa - Amlodipine (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 | Major congenital malformations | 1st trimester | retrospective cohort (claims database) | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No Indications Antihypertensive: Only chronic hypertension indication | 1.69 [0.65;4.42] C | 5/44 71/1,007 | 76 | 44 |
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ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S13387 R52255 |
Mito - Amlodipine, 2019 | Major anomalies _ morphologic abnormalities | at least 1st trimester | retrospective cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No Indications Antihypertensive: Only chronic hypertension indication | 0.89 [0.17;4.57] | 2/48 6/129 | 8 | 48 |
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ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S13805 R54118 |
Van Gelder - Calcium blockers, 2015 | Selected major birth defects (heart defects, CNS malformations, cleft lip with or without cleft palate, small intestinal atresia/stenosis, hypospadias, ...) | 1st trimester | case control | unexposed (general population or NOS) | Adjustment: No Indications Antihypertensive: All hypertensions, any indications or not specified | 1.20 [0.60;2.50] | 14/29 5,554/12,792 | 5,568 | 29 |
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ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S13937 R54564 |
Vasilakis-Scaramozza - Calcium blockers, 2013 | Any anomaly, excluding minor and chromosomal anomalies | 1st trimester | retrospective cohort | unexposed (general population or NOS) | Adjustment: Yes Indications Antihypertensive: All hypertensions, any indications or not specified | 0.60 [0.10;4.80] | 1/55 16/682 | 17 | 55 |
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ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S13469 R51949 |
Nakhai-Pour - Calcium blockers, 2010 | Major malformations | 1st trimester | nested case control | unexposed (general population or NOS) | Adjustment: No Indications Antihypertensive: All hypertensions, any indications or not specified | 3.30 [0.70;15.56] C | 2/10 4,153/59,023 | 4,155 | 10 |
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ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S13987 R54926 |
Weber-Schoendorfer - Calcium blockers, 2008 | Major birth defects (chromosomal anomalies/syndromes excluded) | at least 1st trimester | prospective cohort | unexposed (general population or NOS) | Adjustment: Yes Indications Antihypertensive: All hypertensions, any indications or not specified | 2.27 [0.90;5.69] | 8/228 14/723 | 22 | 228 |
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| S13996 R54992 |
Sorensen - Calcium blockers, 2001 | All congenital abnormality | 1st trimester | case control | unexposed (general population or NOS) | Adjustment: Yes Indications Antihypertensive: All hypertensions, any indications or not specified | 1.40 [0.90;2.20] | 40/89 22,825/60,927 | 22,865 | 89 |
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ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S13988 R54960 |
Magee - Calcium blockers, 1996 | Birth defects (major malformations) | at least 1st trimester | prospective cohort | unexposed (general population or NOS) | Adjustment: No Indications Antihypertensive: All hypertensions, any indications or not specified Matched | 5.63 [0.27;119.49] C | 2/66 0/72 | 2 | 66 |
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ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | 8 studies | 1.48 [1.09;2.02] | 32,713 | 569 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1: Controls unexposed, sick;
Asymetry test p-value = 0.5697 (by Egger's regression)
slope=0.2595 (0.2560); intercept=0.3438 (0.5720); t=0.6012; p=0.5697
excluded 14091