Clomiphene

Ventricular septal defect

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S15680
R64756		 Weller, 2017 Ventricular septal defects preconceptional for kinetic reason retrospective cohort unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes Clomiphene exposure: 2 months before conception through the first month of pregnancy Clomiphene indications: Not detailled but exclusion of in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatments 0.46 [0.05;4.19] 1/1,861   46/98,728 47 1,861
ref
S15683
R64793		 Reefhuis, 2011 Perimembraneous ventricular septal defect preconceptional for kinetic reason case control unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes Clomiphene exposure: 2 months before conception through the first trimester of pregnancy Clomiphene indications: Not detailled but exclusion of ART including IVF or ICSI 1.50 [1.00;2.30] 31/125   1,302/7,708 1,333 125
ref
Total 2 studies 1.40 [0.81;2.42] 1,380 1,986
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Weller, 2017Weller, 2017 0.46[0.05; 4.19]471,8616%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: lowROB classification: criticalROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: critical Reefhuis, 2011Reefhuis, 2011 1.50[1.00; 2.30]1,33312594%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: criticalROB classification: criticalROB missing: unclearROB mesure: unclearROB reporting: moderate Total (2 studies) I2 = 5% 1.40[0.81; 2.42]1,3801,9860.25.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 0.46[0.05; 4.21]471,861 -NAWeller, 2017 1 case control studiescase control studies 1.50[0.99; 2.27]1,333125 -NAReefhuis, 2011 1 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 1.40[0.81; 2.42]1,3801,9865%NAWeller, 2017 Reefhuis, 2011 2 Tags Adjustment   - Yes  - Yes 1.40[0.81; 2.42]1,3801,9865%NAWeller, 2017 Reefhuis, 2011 2 Clomiphene exposure   - 2 months before conception through ...  - 2 months before conception through the first month of pregnancy 0.46[0.05; 4.21]471,861 -NAWeller, 2017 1   - 2 months before conception through ...  - 2 months before conception through the first trimester of pregnancy 1.50[0.99; 2.27]1,333125 -NAReefhuis, 2011 1 Clomiphene indications   - Not detailled but exclusion of ART ...  - Not detailled but exclusion of ART including IVF or ICSI 1.50[0.99; 2.27]1,333125 -NAReefhuis, 2011 1   - Not detailled but exclusion of in v ...  - Not detailled but exclusion of in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatments 0.46[0.05; 4.21]471,861 -NAWeller, 2017 1 All studiesAll studies 1.40[0.81; 2.42]1,3801,9865%NAWeller, 2017 Reefhuis, 2011 20.25.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 1.40[0.81; 2.42]1,3801,9865%NAWeller, 2017 Reefhuis, 2011 20.510.01.0