Clomiphene

Craniosynostosis

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S15680
R64754		 Weller, 2017 Craniosynostosis preconceptional for kinetic reason retrospective cohort unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes Clomiphene exposure: 2 months before conception through the first month of pregnancy Clomiphene indications: Not detailled but exclusion of in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatments 1.51 [0.21;11.03] 1/1,861   42/98,728 43 1,861
ref
S15683
R64812		 Reefhuis, 2011 Craniosynostosis preconceptional for kinetic reason case control unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes Clomiphene exposure: 2 months before conception through the first trimester of pregnancy Clomiphene indications: Not detailled but exclusion of ART including IVF or ICSI 1.90 [1.20;3.00] 30/124   734/7,140 764 124
ref
S15687
R64817		 Reefhuis, 2003 Craniosynostosis (nonfamilial and nonsyndromic) preconceptional for kinetic reason case control unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: No Clomiphene exposure: 3 months before until 3 months after conception Clomiphene indications: Not detailled but exclusion of ART including IVF or ICSI 3.80 [1.10;12.30] 5/16   89/842 94 16
ref
Total 3 studies 2.04 [1.34;3.11] 901 2,001
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Weller, 2017Weller, 2017 1.51[0.21; 11.03]431,8614%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: lowROB classification: criticalROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: critical Reefhuis, 2011Reefhuis, 2011 1.90[1.20; 3.00]76412484%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: criticalROB classification: criticalROB missing: unclearROB mesure: unclearROB reporting: moderate Reefhuis, 2003Reefhuis, 2003 3.80[1.10; 12.30]941612%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: criticalROB classification: criticalROB missing: lowROB mesure: unclearROB reporting: moderate Total (3 studies) I2 = 0% 2.04[1.34; 3.11]9012,0010.510.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 1.51[0.21; 10.94]431,861 -NAWeller, 2017 1 case control studiescase control studies 2.13[1.29; 3.51]85814010%NAReefhuis, 2011 Reefhuis, 2003 2 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 2.04[1.34; 3.11]9012,0010%NAWeller, 2017 Reefhuis, 2011 Reefhuis, 2003 3 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 3.80[1.14; 12.71]9416 -NAReefhuis, 2003 1   - Yes  - Yes 1.88[1.20; 2.93]8071,9850%NAWeller, 2017 Reefhuis, 2011 2 Clomiphene exposure   - 2 months before conception through ...  - 2 months before conception through the first month of pregnancy 1.51[0.21; 10.94]431,861 -NAWeller, 2017 1   - 2 months before conception through ...  - 2 months before conception through the first trimester of pregnancy 1.90[1.20; 3.00]764124 -NAReefhuis, 2011 1   - 3 months before until 3 months afte ...  - 3 months before until 3 months after conception 3.80[1.14; 12.71]9416 -NAReefhuis, 2003 1 Clomiphene indications   - Not detailled but exclusion of ART ...  - Not detailled but exclusion of ART including IVF or ICSI 2.13[1.29; 3.51]85814010%NAReefhuis, 2011 Reefhuis, 2003 2   - Not detailled but exclusion of in v ...  - Not detailled but exclusion of in vitro fertilization (IVF) treatments 1.51[0.21; 10.94]431,861 -NAWeller, 2017 1 All studiesAll studies 2.04[1.34; 3.11]9012,0010%NAWeller, 2017 Reefhuis, 2011 Reefhuis, 2003 30.510.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 2.04[1.34; 3.11]9012,0010%NAWeller, 2017 Reefhuis, 2011 Reefhuis, 2003 30.510.01.0