Proton Pump Inhibitors updated on 08-08-2023

Neonatal infections

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S18820
R80068		 Tisseyre, 2025 Serious infections (any infection requiring hospitalization, ICD-10) - Between 3 months and 12 months of the child's life - Infants without PPI use during the first three months of life during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) retrospective cohort (claims database) unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes 1.09 [1.07;1.10] 23,554/466,942   68,443/1,564,648 91,997 466,942
ref
S4515
R11146		 Saleh, 2017 Sepsis during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) prospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No Matched 0.15 [0.02;1.16] C 1/40   12/80 13 40
ref
Total 2 studies 0.53 [0.08;3.51] 92,010 466,982
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Tisseyre, 2025Tisseyre, 2025 1.09[1.07; 1.10]91,997466,94264%ROB confusion: moderateROB selection: lowROB classification: moderateROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Saleh, 2017Saleh, 2017 0.15[0.02; 1.16]134036%ROB confusion: NAROB selection: NAROB classification: NAROB missing: NAROB mesure: NAROB reporting: NA Total (2 studies) I2 = 72% 0.53[0.08; 3.51]92,010466,9820.05.01.0ROB: A: confounding, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 0.53[0.08; 3.51]92,010466,98272%NATisseyre, 2025 Saleh, 2017 2 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 1.09[1.08; 1.11]91,997466,942 -NATisseyre, 2025 1 unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 0.15[0.02; 1.16]1340 -NASaleh, 2017 1 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 0.15[0.02; 1.16]1340 -NASaleh, 2017 1   - Yes  - Yes 1.09[1.08; 1.11]91,997466,942 -NATisseyre, 2025 1 MatchedMatched 0.15[0.02; 1.16]1340 -NASaleh, 2017 1 All studiesAll studies 0.53[0.08; 3.51]92,010466,98272%NATisseyre, 2025 Saleh, 2017 20.05.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 1.09[1.08; 1.11]91,997466,942 -NATisseyre, 2025 1 unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls Out of scale0.15[0.02; 1.16]1340 -NASaleh, 2017 10.510.01.0