Proton Pump Inhibitors updated on 08-09-2023

Congenital hydronephrosis

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S4275
R10703		 Pasternak, 2010 Congenital hydronephrosis 1st trimester population based cohort retrospective unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes 0.58 [0.25;1.35] 6/3,651   -/- - 3,651
ref
S4861
R12567		 Ruigomez - Omeprazole (Controls exposed to other treatment, sick), 1999 Renal defects/hydronephrosis 1st trimester retrospective cohort exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: No 1.36 [0.06;33.59] C
excluded (control group) 		0/139   1/567 1 139
ref
S4276
R9982		 Ruigomez - Omeprazole (Controls unexposed NOS), 1999 Renal defects/hydronephrosis 1st trimester retrospective cohort unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: No 2.27 [0.11;47.54] C 0/139   2/1,575 2 139
ref
S4431
R10748		 Källèn, 1998 Hydronephrosis 1st trimester population based cohort retrospective exposed to other treatment, sick Adjustment: No 0.23 [0.01;5.68] C 0/275   1/191 1 275
ref
Total 3 studies 0.60 [0.27;1.32] 3 4,065
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Pasternak, 2010Pasternak, 2010 0.58[0.25; 1.35]-3,65187%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: moderateROB classification: criticalROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Ruigomez - Omeprazole (Controls unexposed NOS), 1999Ruigomez - Omeprazole, 1999 1 2.27[0.11; 47.54]21397%ROB confusion: NAROB selection: NAROB classification: NAROB missing: NAROB mesure: NAROB reporting: NA Källèn, 1998Källèn, 1998 0.23[0.01; 5.68]12756%ROB confusion: NAROB selection: NAROB classification: NAROB missing: NAROB mesure: NAROB reporting: NA Total (3 studies) I2 = 0% 0.60[0.27; 1.32]34,0650.25.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Controls unexposed NOS;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 0.60[0.27; 1.32]34,0650%NAPasternak, 2010 Ruigomez - Omeprazole (Controls unexposed NOS), 1999 Källèn, 1998 3 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 0.64[0.28; 1.44]23,7900%NAPasternak, 2010 Ruigomez - Omeprazole (Controls unexposed NOS), 1999 2 exposed to other treatment, sickexposed to other treatment, sick 0.23[0.01; 5.68]1275 -NAKällèn, 1998 1 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 0.77[0.08; 7.20]34143%NARuigomez - Omeprazole (Controls unexposed NOS), 1999 Källèn, 1998 2   - Yes  - Yes 0.58[0.25; 1.35]-3,651 -NAPasternak, 2010 1 All studiesAll studies 0.60[0.27; 1.32]34,0650%NAPasternak, 2010 Ruigomez - Omeprazole (Controls unexposed NOS), 1999 Källèn, 1998 30.15.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 4861

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 0.64[0.28; 1.44]23,7900%NAPasternak, 2010 Ruigomez - Omeprazole (Controls unexposed NOS), 1999 2 exposed to other treatment, sick controlsexposed to other treatment, sick controls 0.56[0.06; 5.40]24140%NARuigomez - Omeprazole (Controls exposed to other treatment, sick), 1999 Källèn, 1998 20.510.01.0