Proton Pump Inhibitors updated on 08-09-2023

Early intrauterine deaths (< 22 weeks) / Spontaneous abortions

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S4428
R10732		 Diav-Citrin, 2005 Miscarriage during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) prospective cohort unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: No 1.14 [0.72;1.79] C 31/411   58/868 89 411
ref
S4293
R10737		 Lalkin - Omeprazole (Controls exposed to other treatment, sick), 1998 Spontaneous abortion during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) prospective cohort exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: No Matched 1.91 [0.80;4.51] C
excluded (control group) 		16/113   9/113 25 113
ref
S4407
R10739		 Lalkin - Omeprazole (Controls unexposed NOS), 1998 Spontaneous abortion during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) prospective cohort unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: No Matched 1.91 [0.80;4.51] C 16/113   9/113 25 113
ref
Total 2 studies 1.29 [0.84;1.97] 114 524
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Diav-Citrin, 2005Diav-Citrin, 2005 1.14[0.72; 1.79]8941176%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: moderateROB classification: moderateROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Lalkin - Omeprazole (Controls unexposed NOS), 1998Lalkin - Omeprazole, 1998 1 1.91[0.80; 4.51]2511324%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: criticalROB classification: moderateROB missing: lowROB mesure: criticalROB reporting: moderate Total (2 studies) I2 = 7% 1.29[0.84; 1.97]1145240.55.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Controls unexposed NOS;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 1.29[0.84; 1.97]1145247%NADiav-Citrin, 2005 Lalkin - Omeprazole (Controls unexposed NOS), 1998 2 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 1.29[0.84; 1.97]1145247%NADiav-Citrin, 2005 Lalkin - Omeprazole (Controls unexposed NOS), 1998 2 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 1.29[0.84; 1.97]1145247%NADiav-Citrin, 2005 Lalkin - Omeprazole (Controls unexposed NOS), 1998 2 MatchedMatched 1.91[0.80; 4.51]25113 -NALalkin - Omeprazole (Controls unexposed NOS), 1998 1 All studiesAll studies 1.29[0.84; 1.97]1145247%NADiav-Citrin, 2005 Lalkin - Omeprazole (Controls unexposed NOS), 1998 20.55.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 4293

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 1.29[0.84; 1.97]1145247%NADiav-Citrin, 2005 Lalkin - Omeprazole (Controls unexposed NOS), 1998 2 exposed to other treatment, sick controlsexposed to other treatment, sick controls 1.91[0.80; 4.51]25113 -NALalkin - Omeprazole (Controls exposed to other treatment, sick), 1998 10.510.01.0