Tenofovir (all routes except local)

Child/Infant head circumference abnormalities (> 1 year)

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S5172
R13477		 Williams, 2020 Microcephaly (head circumference <2nd percentile) after 36 months (Nellhaus criteria) 1st trimester cohort exposed to other treatment, sick Adjustment: Yes Control group: non-TDF (mix or unspecified regimens) Exposed group: TDF (mix or unspecified regimens) Indication: HIV 1.07 [0.74;1.54] 55/827   75/1,764 130 827
ref
S5160
R13460		 Pintye, 2015 9-month z-scores for head circumference-for-age (HCAZ) < −2 SD during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) retrospective cohort exposed to other treatment, sick Adjustment: Yes Control group: zidovudine/lamivudine/nevirapine Exposed group: TDF/lamivudine-based Indication: HIV 1.33 [0.33;5.29] 8/38   14/84 22 38
ref
S5124
R13308		 Siberry, 2012 Small head circumference at one year (gestation- or age-adjusted z-score< −1.5) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) cohort exposed to other treatment, sick Adjustment: Yes Control group: non-TDF (mix or unspecified regimens) Exposed group: TDF (mix or unspecified regimens) Indication: HIV 1.17 [0.57;2.42] 13/217   21/368 34 217
ref
Total 3 studies 1.10 [0.80;1.51] 186 1,082
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Williams, 2020Williams, 2020 1.07[0.74; 1.54]13082775%ROB confusion: NAROB selection: NAROB classification: NAROB missing: NAROB mesure: NAROB reporting: NA Pintye, 2015Pintye, 2015 1.33[0.33; 5.29]22385%ROB confusion: NAROB selection: NAROB classification: NAROB missing: NAROB mesure: NAROB reporting: NA Siberry, 2012Siberry, 2012 1.17[0.57; 2.42]3421719%ROB confusion: NAROB selection: NAROB classification: NAROB missing: NAROB mesure: NAROB reporting: NA Total (3 studies) I2 = 0% 1.10[0.80; 1.51]1861,0820.55.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 1.10[0.80; 1.51]1861,0820%NAWilliams, 2020 Pintye, 2015 Siberry, 2012 3 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls exposed to other treatment, sickexposed to other treatment, sick 1.10[0.80; 1.51]1861,0820%NAWilliams, 2020 Pintye, 2015 Siberry, 2012 3 Tags Adjustment   - Yes  - Yes 1.10[0.80; 1.51]1861,0820%NAWilliams, 2020 Pintye, 2015 Siberry, 2012 3 Control group   - non-TDF (mix or unspecified regimens)  - non-TDF (mix or unspecified regimens) 1.09[0.79; 1.51]1641,0440%NAWilliams, 2020 Siberry, 2012 2   - zidovudine/lamivudine/nevirapine  - zidovudine/lamivudine/nevirapine 1.33[0.33; 5.33]2238 -NAPintye, 2015 1 Exposed group   - TDF (mix or unspecified regimens)  - TDF (mix or unspecified regimens) 1.09[0.79; 1.51]1641,0440%NAWilliams, 2020 Siberry, 2012 2   - TDF/lamivudine-based  - TDF/lamivudine-based 1.33[0.33; 5.33]2238 -NAPintye, 2015 1 Indication   - HIV  - HIV 1.10[0.80; 1.51]1861,0820%NAWilliams, 2020 Pintye, 2015 Siberry, 2012 3 All studiesAll studies 1.10[0.80; 1.51]1861,0820%NAWilliams, 2020 Pintye, 2015 Siberry, 2012 30.55.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls exposed to other treatment, sick controlsexposed to other treatment, sick controls 1.10[0.80; 1.51]1861,0820%NAWilliams, 2020 Pintye, 2015 Siberry, 2012 30.510.01.0