Escitalopram updated on 07-01-2025

Atrial septal defect

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S7472
R22340		 Anderson, 2020 Atrial septal defect (ASD) – secundum type 1st trimester case control unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes Monotherapy: substance alone among all Antidep (SSRI, SNRI, ...) 0.78 [0.30;1.99] -/-   0/- - -
ref
S7353
R21568		 Wemakor, 2015 Atrial septal defect 1st trimester case control unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes Monotherapy: substance alone among all Antidep (SSRI, SNRI, ...) 3.31 [1.11;9.90] 5/14   2,686/19,760 2,691 14
ref
S6015
R15509		 Jimenez-Solem (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2012 Atrial septal defects 1st trimester population based cohort retrospective unexposed (general population or NOS) excluded Adjustment: Yes Monotherapy: substance alone among the specific class of antidep (SSRI, SNRI, ...) 1.01 [0.14;7.23]
excluded (control group) 		1/293   2,490/843,797 2,491 293
ref
S6020
R15605		 Jimenez-Solem (Controls unexposed, sick), 2012 Atrial septal defects 1st trimester population based cohort retrospective unexposed, sick Adjustment: No Monotherapy: substance alone among the specific class of antidep (SSRI, SNRI, ...) Unexposed sick: intermediate history of illness/treatment (3-12 months before pregnancy) 0.46 [0.05;3.81] C 1/293   6/806 7 293
ref
S6245
R16529		 Malm, 2011 Atrial septal defects 1st trimester population based cohort retrospective unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: No Monotherapy: no or not specified 0.56 [0.03;8.92] C 0/441   1,279/628,607 1,279 441
ref
Total 4 studies 1.15 [0.43;3.03] 3,977 748
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Anderson, 2020Anderson, 2020 0.78[0.30; 1.99]--39%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: criticalROB classification: criticalROB missing: lowROB mesure: criticalROB reporting: moderate Wemakor, 2015Wemakor, 2015 3.31[1.11; 9.90]2,6911435%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: criticalROB classification: moderateROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Jimenez-Solem (Controls unexposed, sick), 2012Jimenez-Solem, 2012 1 0.46[0.05; 3.81]729316%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: moderateROB classification: criticalROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: critical Malm, 2011Malm, 2011 0.56[0.03; 8.92]1,27944110%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: lowROB classification: criticalROB missing: lowROB mesure: criticalROB reporting: moderate Total (4 studies) I2 = 42% 1.15[0.43; 3.03]3,9777480.210.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Controls unexposed, sick;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 0.49[0.09; 2.65]1,2867340%NAJimenez-Solem (Controls unexposed, sick), 2012 Malm, 2011 2 case control studiescase control studies 1.56[0.38; 6.44]2,6911474%NAAnderson, 2020 Wemakor, 2015 2 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 1.35[0.43; 4.24]3,97045553%NAAnderson, 2020 Wemakor, 2015 Malm, 2011 3 unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 0.46[0.05; 3.81]7293 -NAJimenez-Solem (Controls unexposed, sick), 2012 1 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 0.49[0.09; 2.65]1,2867340%NAJimenez-Solem (Controls unexposed, sick), 2012 Malm, 2011 2   - Yes  - Yes 1.56[0.38; 6.44]2,6911474%NAAnderson, 2020 Wemakor, 2015 2 Monotherapy   - no or not specified  - no or not specified 0.56[0.03; 8.92]1,279441 -NAMalm, 2011 1   - substance alone among all Antidep ( ...  - substance alone among all Antidep (SSRI, SNRI, ...) 1.56[0.38; 6.44]2,6911474%NAAnderson, 2020 Wemakor, 2015 2   - substance alone among the specific ...  - substance alone among the specific class of antidep (SSRI, SNRI, ...) 0.46[0.05; 3.81]7293 -NAJimenez-Solem (Controls unexposed, sick), 2012 1 Unexposed sick   - intermediate history of illness/tre ...  - intermediate history of illness/treatment (3-12 months before pregnancy) 0.46[0.05; 3.81]7293 -NAJimenez-Solem (Controls unexposed, sick), 2012 1 All studiesAll studies 1.15[0.43; 3.03]3,97774842%NAAnderson, 2020 Wemakor, 2015 Jimenez-Solem (Controls unexposed, sick), 2012 Malm, 2011 40.210.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot
0.0-3.33.51.6980.000Anderson, 2020Wemakor, 2015Jimenez-Solem (Controls unexposed, sick), 2012Malm, 2011

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot
0.01.00.01.0

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 6015

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 1.31[0.55; 3.09]6,46174831%NAAnderson, 2020 Wemakor, 2015 Jimenez-Solem (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2012 Malm, 2011 4 unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls Out of scale0.46[0.05; 3.81]7293 -NAJimenez-Solem (Controls unexposed, sick), 2012 10.510.01.0