| id | Study | Lib. in paper | Exposition period | Study type |
Control type |
Tags | OR 95%CI | x1/n1 x0/n0 | no cases | no exposed | ROB | Ref. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| S16078 R66723 |
Christensen (Carbamazepine) (Epilepsy) (Controls exposed to LTG), 2024 | Microcephaly (z-score for head circumference ≤3rd percentile for gestational week, sex, and country (including newborns with congenital malformations)) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | population based cohort retrospective | exposed to other treatment, sick excluded | Adjustment: Yes |
1.70 [1.25;2.31] excluded (control group) |
105/2,669 151/5,299 | 256 | 2,669 |
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| S16020 R66504 |
Christensen (Carbamazepine) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, general population), 2024 | Microcephaly (z-score for head circumference ≤3rd percentile for gestational week, sex, and country (including newborns with congenital malformations)) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | population based cohort retrospective | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: Yes | 1.51 [1.17;1.95] | 105/2,669 699/22,227 | 804 | 2,669 |
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| S5511 R17498 |
Pennell (Carbamazepine), 2012 | Microcephaly at birth (head circumference < 3 percentile) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | prospective cohort | exposed to other treatment, sick | Adjustment: No | 2.51 [0.90;7.05] C | 13/69 6/71 | 19 | 69 |
|
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| S7181 R20260 |
Kini (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2006 | Head circumference in children aged between 6 months and 16 years <3rd centile | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | retrospective cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No | 0.42 [0.08;2.21] C | 2/94 5/101 | 7 | 94 |
|
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| S5863 R14570 |
Holmes (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2001 | Microcephaly at birth (Head circumference more than 2 SD below the mean value for the same race, sex and gestational age) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | retrospective cohort | unexposed, disease free excluded | Adjustment: No |
2.31 [0.48;11.18] C excluded (control group) |
2/56 8/508 | 10 | 56 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S5864 R14578 |
Holmes (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2001 | Microcephaly at birth (Head circumference more than 2 SD below the mean value for the same race, sex and gestational age) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | retrospective cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No | 1.74 [0.24;12.71] C | 2/56 2/96 | 4 | 56 |
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ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S315 R17689 |
Battino (Carbamazepine), 1999 | Small head circumferences (at birth < 10th percentile) | throughout pregnancy | prospective cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: Yes | 0.50 [0.11;2.00] | 7/128 3/30 | 10 | 128 |
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| S5701 R19088 |
Díaz-Romero (Carbamazepine), 1999 | Head circumference <2 SD at birth (measured by a physician and correlated with sex and with gestational age) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No | 0.29 [0.01;16.12] C | 0/26 0/8 | 0 | 26 |
|
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| Total | 6 studies | 1.34 [0.85;2.12] | 844 | 3,042 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1: Carbamazepine) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, general population; 2: Carbamazepine; 3: Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick; 4: Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick; 5: Carbamazepine; 6: Carbamazepine;
Asymetry test p-value = 0.3038 (by Egger's regression)
slope=0.5197 (0.1761); intercept=-0.6934 (0.5882); t=1.1787; p=0.3038
excluded 5863, 16078