Carbamazepine (Epilepsy) updated on 04-22-2025

Nervous system anomalies

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S17503
R73543		 Wiggs, 2024 Nervous system malformations early pregnancy population based cohort retrospective unexposed, sick Adjustment: Yes 0.91 [0.29;2.81] -/1,456   -/12,666 - 1,456
ref
S12854
R48475		 Thomas (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2021 Neural malformations 1st trimester prospective cohort exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: No 1.33 [0.07;23.98] C
excluded (control group) 		6/490   0/50 6 490
ref
S12855
R48485		 Thomas (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021 Neural malformations 1st trimester prospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No 9.13 [0.51;162.59] C 6/490   0/340 6 490
ref
Total 2 studies 1.94 [0.23;16.21] 6 1,946
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Wiggs, 2024Wiggs, 2024 0.91[0.29; 2.81]-1,45667%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: moderateROB classification: moderateROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Thomas (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021Thomas, 2021 1 9.13[0.51; 162.59]649033%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: moderateROB classification: moderateROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Total (2 studies) I2 = 53% 1.94[0.23; 16.21]61,9460.220.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 1.94[0.23; 16.21]61,94653%NAWiggs, 2024 Thomas (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021 2 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 1.94[0.23; 16.21]61,94653%NAWiggs, 2024 Thomas (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021 2 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 9.13[0.51; 162.59]6490 -NAThomas (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021 1   - Yes  - Yes 0.91[0.29; 2.83]-1,456 -NAWiggs, 2024 1 All studiesAll studies 1.94[0.23; 16.21]61,94653%NAWiggs, 2024 Thomas (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021 20.220.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 12854

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 1.94[0.23; 16.21]61,94653%NAWiggs, 2024 Thomas (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021 2 exposed to other treatment, sick controlsexposed to other treatment, sick controls 1.33[0.07; 23.98]6490 -NAThomas (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2021 10.510.01.0