Carbamazepine (Epilepsy) updated on 04-22-2025

Digestive system anomalies

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S17503
R73548		 Wiggs, 2024 Digestive system malformations early pregnancy population based cohort retrospective unexposed, sick Adjustment: Yes 0.61 [0.28;1.30] -/1,456   -/12,666 - 1,456
ref
S12854
R48477		 Thomas (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2021 Gastro-intestinal malformations 1st trimester prospective cohort exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: No 0.10 [0.00;5.15] C
excluded (control group) 		0/490   0/50 0 490
ref
S12855
R48487		 Thomas (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021 Gastro-intestinal malformations 1st trimester prospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No 0.23 [0.01;5.68] C 0/490   1/340 1 490
ref
S6290
R16964		 Campbell (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2014 Gastrointestinal tract defect 1st trimester prospective cohort exposed to other treatment, sick Adjustment: No 0.79 [0.26;2.42] C 5/1,657   8/2,098 13 1,657
ref
Total 3 studies 0.64 [0.34;1.19] 14 3,603
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Wiggs, 2024Wiggs, 2024 0.61[0.28; 1.30]-1,45665%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: moderateROB classification: moderateROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Thomas (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021Thomas, 2021 1 0.23[0.01; 5.68]14904%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: moderateROB classification: moderateROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Campbell (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2014Campbell, 2014 2 0.79[0.26; 2.42]131,65731%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: lowROB classification: moderateROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Total (3 studies) I2 = 0% 0.64[0.34; 1.19]143,6030.22.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick; 2: Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 0.64[0.34; 1.19]143,6030%NAWiggs, 2024 Thomas (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021 Campbell (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2014 3 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 0.58[0.27; 1.22]11,9460%NAWiggs, 2024 Thomas (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021 2 exposed to other treatment, sickexposed to other treatment, sick 0.79[0.26; 2.42]131,657 -NACampbell (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2014 1 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 0.69[0.24; 1.99]142,1470%NAThomas (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021 Campbell (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2014 2   - Yes  - Yes 0.61[0.28; 1.31]-1,456 -NAWiggs, 2024 1 All studiesAll studies 0.64[0.34; 1.19]143,6030%NAWiggs, 2024 Thomas (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021 Campbell (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2014 30.110.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 12854

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 0.58[0.27; 1.22]11,9460%NAWiggs, 2024 Thomas (Carbamazepine) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2021 2 exposed to other treatment, sick controlsexposed to other treatment, sick controls 0.68[0.23; 1.99]132,1470%NAThomas (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2021 Campbell (Carbamazepine) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2014 20.510.01.0