Phenytoin (Epilepsy)

Polydactyly

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type  Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S7661
R22672
Tomson (Phenytoin), 2018 Polydactyly at least 1st trimester prospective cohort exposed to other treatment, sick Adjustment: No 20.19 [0.40;1021.73] C 0/125   0/2,514 0 125
ref
S6173
R21994
Viinikainen (Phenytoin) (Controls unexposed, sick) a, 2006 Polydactyly throughout pregnancy prospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No 34.33 [0.49;2389.88] C 0/2   0/52 0 2
ref
S341
R18227
D'Souza (Phenytoin) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 1991 Extra digits throughout pregnancy prospective cohort unexposed, disease free excluded Adjustment: No Matched 9.00 [0.35;229.68] C
excluded (control group)
1/22   0/62 1 22
ref
S6690
R18727
D'Souza (Phenytoin) (Controls unexposed, sick), 1991 Extra digits throughout pregnancy prospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No 1.10 [0.04;30.00] C 1/22   0/8 1 22
ref
Total 3 studies 6.63 [0.75;59.00] 1 149
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Tomson (Phenytoin), 2018Tomson, 2018 1 20.19[0.40; 1021.73]012531%ROB confusion: NAROB selection: NAROB classification: NAROB missing: NAROB mesure: NAROB reporting: NA Viinikainen (Phenytoin) (Controls unexposed, sick) a, 2006Viinikainen, 2006 2 34.33[0.49; 2389.88]0226%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: moderateROB classification: moderateROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate D'Souza (Phenytoin) (Controls unexposed, sick), 1991D'Souza, 1991 3 1.10[0.04; 30.00]12243%ROB confusion: NAROB selection: NAROB classification: NAROB missing: NAROB mesure: NAROB reporting: NA Total (3 studies) I2 = 1% 6.63[0.75; 59.00]11490.5100.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Phenytoin; 2: Phenytoin) (Controls unexposed, sick) ; 3: Phenytoin) (Controls unexposed, sick;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 6.63[0.75; 59.00]11491%NATomson (Phenytoin), 2018 Viinikainen (Phenytoin) (Controls unexposed, sick) a, 2006 D'Souza (Phenytoin) (Controls unexposed, sick), 1991 3 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 4.70[0.17; 131.79]12436%NAViinikainen (Phenytoin) (Controls unexposed, sick) a, 2006 D'Souza (Phenytoin) (Controls unexposed, sick), 1991 2 exposed to other treatment, sickexposed to other treatment, sick 20.19[0.40; 1021.73]-125 -NATomson (Phenytoin), 2018 1 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 6.63[0.75; 59.00]11491%NATomson (Phenytoin), 2018 Viinikainen (Phenytoin) (Controls unexposed, sick) a, 2006 D'Souza (Phenytoin) (Controls unexposed, sick), 1991 3 All studiesAll studies 6.63[0.75; 59.00]11491%NATomson (Phenytoin), 2018 Viinikainen (Phenytoin) (Controls unexposed, sick) a, 2006 D'Souza (Phenytoin) (Controls unexposed, sick), 1991 30.5100.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 341

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 9.00[0.35; 229.68]122 -NAD'Souza (Phenytoin) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 1991 1 unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 1.42[0.08; 24.72]34348%NABànhidy (Phenytoin), 2011 Viinikainen (Phenytoin) (Controls unexposed, sick) a, 2006 D'Souza (Phenytoin) (Controls unexposed, sick), 1991 3 exposed to other treatment, sick controlsexposed to other treatment, sick controls Out of scale20.19[0.40; 1021.73]-125 -NATomson (Phenytoin), 2018 10.510.01.0