| id | Study | Lib. in paper | Exposition period | Study type |
Control type |
Tags | OR 95%CI | x1/n1 x0/n0 | no cases | no exposed | ROB | Ref. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| S16764 R70394 |
Hernandez-Diaz (Valproate) (Epilepsy) (Controls exposed to LTG), 2024 | Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) - At least two visits with codes for ASD - Median follow-up was 2 years | 2nd and/or 3rd trimester | retrospective cohort (claims database) | exposed to other treatment, sick excluded | Adjustment: No |
1.59 [0.95;2.68] C excluded (control group) |
24/561 38/1,392 | 62 | 561 |
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| S16765 R70396 |
Hernandez-Diaz (Valproate) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2024 | Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) - At least two visits with codes for ASD - Median follow-up was 2 years | 2nd and/or 3rd trimester | retrospective cohort (claims database) | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: Yes | 2.96 [1.79;4.89] | 24/561 102/8,815 | 126 | 561 |
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| S17439 R73278 |
Madley-Dowd_SE (Valproate) (Controls exposed to LTG), 2024 | Autism - ICD-8/9/10 codes - Mean 5-20 years old (according groups) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | population based cohort retrospective | exposed to other treatment, sick excluded | Adjustment: No Partial overlapping |
5.08 [3.56;7.24] C excluded (control group) |
82/792 53/2,383 | 135 | 792 |
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| S17440 R73284 |
Madley-Dowd_SE (Valproate) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2024 | Autism - ICD-8/9/10 codes - Mean 5-20 years old (according groups) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | population based cohort retrospective | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: Yes Partial overlapping | 2.15 [1.69;2.73] | 82/792 425/10,769 | 507 | 792 |
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| S17261 R72231 |
Madley-Dowd_UK (Valproate) (Controls exposed to LTG) (Epilepsy), 2024 | Autism - ICD10 codes - Median follow up 9.32 (5.54-12.83) years old | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | retrospective cohort (claims database) | exposed to other treatment, sick excluded | Adjustment: No |
1.46 [0.68;3.15] C excluded (control group) |
11/354 17/791 | 28 | 354 |
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| S17256 R72219 |
Madley-Dowd_UK (Valproate) (Controls unexposed, sick) (Epilepsy), 2024 | Autism - ICD10 codes - Median follow up 9.32 (5.54-12.83) years old | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | retrospective cohort (claims database) | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: Yes | 1.41 [0.75;2.67] | 11/354 78/4,075 | 89 | 354 |
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| S15877 R65488 |
Dreier (Valproate) (Epilepsy) (Controls exposed to LTG), 2023 | Autism spectrum disorder - Corresponding ICD-10 F-chapter - Up to 22 years of age | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | population based cohort propective | exposed to other treatment, sick excluded | Adjustment: No |
4.08 [2.96;5.64] C excluded (control group) |
93/1,952 64/5,288 | 157 | 1,952 |
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| S18070 R76061 |
Dreier (Valproate) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sibling), 2023 | Autism spectrum disorder - ICD-10 code F84 excluding F84.2-F84.4 - Up to 22 years of age (median 7.2 years) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | population based cohort propective | sibling excluded | Adjustment: Yes |
6.41 [2.00;20.58] excluded (control group) |
32/529 11/604 | 43 | 529 |
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| S15878 R65477 |
Dreier (Valproate) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 | Autism spectrum disorder - Corresponding ICD-10 F-chapter - Up to 22 years of age | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | population based cohort propective | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: Yes | 2.45 [1.84;3.26] | 93/1,952 323/22,203 | 416 | 1,952 |
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| S10070 R36645 |
Coste (Valproate) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2020 | Diagnosis Pervasive developmental disorders (F84) (mean age of 3.7 years old) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | retrospective cohort (claims database) | exposed to other treatment, sick excluded | Adjustment: Yes |
4.70 [1.90;11.40] excluded (control group) |
17/991 7/2,108 | 24 | 991 |
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| S7799 R23030 |
Coste (Valproate) (Controls unexposed, NOS), 2020 | Diagnosis Pervasive developmental disorders (F84) (mean age of 3.6 years old) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | retrospective cohort (claims database) | unexposed (general population or NOS) | Adjustment: Yes | 4.60 [2.90;7.50] | 17/991 4,280/1,710,441 | 4,297 | 991 |
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| S7508 R22469 |
Huber-Mollema (Valproate), 2019 | Diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder | throughout pregnancy | prospective cohort | exposed to other treatment, sick | Adjustment: No | 2.74 [0.57;13.12] C | 3/26 4/88 | 7 | 26 |
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| S5549 R16273 |
Wood (Valproate), 2015 | Score >30 (CARS) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | prospective cohort | exposed to other treatment, sick | Adjustment: No | 1.04 [0.04;28.06] C | 1/26 0/9 | 1 | 26 |
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| S6662 R35210 |
Bromley (Valproate) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2013 | Autistic Spectrum Disorders (at 6 years old) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | prospective cohort | exposed to other treatment, sick excluded | Adjustment: No |
2.52 [0.27;23.69] C excluded (control group) |
4/50 1/30 | 5 | 50 |
|
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| S6659 R35211 |
Bromley (Valproate) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2013 | Autistic Spectrum Disorders (at 6 years old) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | prospective cohort | unexposed, disease free excluded | Adjustment: No |
4.57 [1.10;18.93] C excluded (control group) |
4/50 4/214 | 8 | 50 |
|
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| S6602 R35212 |
Bromley (Valproate) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2013 | Autistic Spectrum Disorders (at 6 years old) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | prospective cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No | 5.04 [0.26;97.51] C | 4/50 0/26 | 4 | 50 |
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| S7175 R27086 |
Adab (Valproate), 2004 | Asperger’s syndrome | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | retrospective cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No | 4.90 [0.20;122.25] C | 1/63 0/101 | 1 | 63 |
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| Total | 9 studies | 2.54 [2.00;3.23] | 5,448 | 4,815 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1: Valproate) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick; 2: Valproate) (Controls unexposed, sick; 3: Valproate) (Controls unexposed, sick) (Epilepsy; 4: Valproate) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick; 5: Valproate) (Controls unexposed, NOS; 6: Valproate; 7: Valproate; 8: Valproate) (Controls unexposed, sick; 9: Valproate;
Asymetry test p-value = 0.6715 (by Egger's regression)
slope=0.8406 (0.1627); intercept=0.3020 (0.6824); t=0.4425; p=0.6715
excluded 6662, 6659, 10070, 15877, 18070, 16764, 17439, 17261