Valproate (Epilepsy) updated on 04-22-2025

Genital anomalies

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S17504
R73561		 Wiggs, 2024 Genital organ malformations early pregnancy population based cohort retrospective unexposed, sick Adjustment: Yes 5.29 [3.42;8.19] -/624   -/12,666 - 624
ref
S10732
R39685		 De Jonge (Valproate), 2013 Genital malformations 1st trimester case control unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: No Monotherapy: no or not specified 1.31 [0.08;21.42] C 0/35   314/29,502 314 35
ref
S6099
R15909		 Artama (Valproate), 2005 Genital organs 1st trimester retrospective cohort (registry) unexposed, sick Adjustment: No 3.62 [1.04;12.60] C 5/263   5/939 10 263
ref
Total 3 studies 4.93 [3.28;7.41] 324 922
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Wiggs, 2024Wiggs, 2024 5.29[3.42; 8.19]-62487%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: moderateROB classification: moderateROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate De Jonge (Valproate), 2013De Jonge, 2013 1 1.31[0.08; 21.42]314352%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: criticalROB classification: criticalROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Artama (Valproate), 2005Artama, 2005 2 3.62[1.04; 12.60]1026311%ROB confusion: NAROB selection: NAROB classification: NAROB missing: NAROB mesure: NAROB reporting: NA Total (3 studies) I2 = 0% 4.93[3.28; 7.41]3249220.520.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Valproate; 2: Valproate;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 5.08[3.36; 7.66]108870%NAWiggs, 2024 Artama (Valproate), 2005 2 case control studiescase control studies 1.31[0.08; 21.42]31435 -NADe Jonge (Valproate), 2013 1 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 1.31[0.08; 21.42]31435 -NADe Jonge (Valproate), 2013 1 unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 5.08[3.36; 7.66]108870%NAWiggs, 2024 Artama (Valproate), 2005 2 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 3.06[0.98; 9.55]3242980%NADe Jonge (Valproate), 2013 Artama (Valproate), 2005 2   - Yes  - Yes 5.29[3.42; 8.19]-624 -NAWiggs, 2024 1 Monotherapy   - no or not specified  - no or not specified 1.31[0.08; 21.42]31435 -NADe Jonge (Valproate), 2013 1 All studiesAll studies 4.93[3.28; 7.41]3249220%NAWiggs, 2024 De Jonge (Valproate), 2013 Artama (Valproate), 2005 30.520.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 1.31[0.08; 21.42]31435 -NADe Jonge (Valproate), 2013 1 unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 5.08[3.36; 7.66]108870%NAWiggs, 2024 Artama (Valproate), 2005 20.510.01.0