Gabapentin (Epilepsy) updated on 04-22-2025

ADHD (Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder): Diagnosis

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S17398
R72944		 Madley-Dowd_SE (Gabapentin) (Controls exposed to LTG), 2024 Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder - ICD-8/9/10 codes and/or ADHD medication prescription - Mean 5-20 years old (according groups) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) population based cohort retrospective exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: No 2.75 [1.06;7.11] C
excluded (control group) 		5/43   109/2,383 114 43
ref
S17428
R73203		 Madley-Dowd_SE (Gabapentin) (Controls exposed to LTG), 2024 Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder - ICD-8/9/10 codes and/or ADHD medication prescription - Mean 5-20 years old (according groups) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) population based cohort retrospective exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: No Partial overlapping 2.75 [1.06;7.11] C
excluded (control group) 		5/43   109/2,383 114 43
ref
S17399
R72949		 Madley-Dowd_SE (Gabapentin) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2024 Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder - ICD-8/9/10 codes and/or ADHD medication prescription - Mean 5-20 years old (according groups) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) population based cohort retrospective unexposed, sick Adjustment: Yes 1.62 [0.67;3.93] 5/43   929/10,769 934 43
ref
S17429
R73209		 Madley-Dowd_SE (Gabapentin) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2024 Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder - ICD-8/9/10 codes and/or ADHD medication prescription - Mean 5-20 years old (according groups) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) population based cohort retrospective unexposed, sick excluded Adjustment: Yes Partial overlapping 1.62 [0.67;3.93]
excluded (control group) 		5/43   929/10,769 934 43
ref
S17258
R72226		 Madley-Dowd_UK (Gabapentin) (Controls exposed to LTG) (Epilepsy), 2024 Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder - ICD10 codes and/or ADHD medication prescription - Median 4.93 (3.11-7.46) years old during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) retrospective cohort (claims database) exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: No 1.53 [0.09;26.68] C
excluded (control group) 		0/18   14/791 14 18
ref
S17250
R72203		 Madley-Dowd_UK (Gabapentin) (Controls unexposed, sick) (Epilepsy), 2024 Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder - ICD10 codes and/or ADHD medication prescription - Median 4.93 (3.11-7.46) years old during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) retrospective cohort (claims database) unexposed, sick Adjustment: No 3.00 [0.18;50.71] C 0/18   38/4,075 38 18
ref
Total 2 studies 1.71 [0.74;3.98] 972 61
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Madley-Dowd_SE (Gabapentin) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2024Madley-Dowd_SE, 2024 1 1.62[0.67; 3.93]9344391%ROB confusion: moderateROB selection: lowROB classification: lowROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Madley-Dowd_UK (Gabapentin) (Controls unexposed, sick) (Epilepsy), 2024Madley-Dowd_UK, 2024 2 3.00[0.18; 50.71]38189%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: lowROB classification: criticalROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Total (2 studies) I2 = 0% 1.71[0.74; 3.98]972610.510.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Gabapentin) (Controls unexposed, sick; 2: Gabapentin) (Controls unexposed, sick) (Epilepsy;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 1.71[0.74; 3.98]972610%NAMadley-Dowd_SE (Gabapentin) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2024 Madley-Dowd_UK (Gabapentin) (Controls unexposed, sick) (Epilepsy), 2024 2 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 1.71[0.74; 3.98]972610%NAMadley-Dowd_SE (Gabapentin) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2024 Madley-Dowd_UK (Gabapentin) (Controls unexposed, sick) (Epilepsy), 2024 2 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 3.00[0.18; 50.71]3818 -NAMadley-Dowd_UK (Gabapentin) (Controls unexposed, sick) (Epilepsy), 2024 1   - Yes  - Yes 1.62[0.67; 3.92]93443 -NAMadley-Dowd_SE (Gabapentin) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2024 1 All studiesAll studies 1.71[0.74; 3.98]972610%NAMadley-Dowd_SE (Gabapentin) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2024 Madley-Dowd_UK (Gabapentin) (Controls unexposed, sick) (Epilepsy), 2024 20.510.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 17398, 17428, 17429, 17258

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 1.67[0.91; 3.07]1,9061040%NAMadley-Dowd_SE (Gabapentin) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2024 Madley-Dowd_SE (Gabapentin) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2024 Madley-Dowd_UK (Gabapentin) (Controls unexposed, sick) (Epilepsy), 2024 3 exposed to other treatment, sick controlsexposed to other treatment, sick controls 2.66[1.38; 5.13]2421040%NAMadley-Dowd_SE (Gabapentin) (Controls exposed to LTG), 2024 Madley-Dowd_SE (Gabapentin) (Controls exposed to LTG), 2024 Madley-Dowd_UK (Gabapentin) (Controls exposed to LTG) (Epilepsy), 2024 30.510.01.0