Gabapentin (Epilepsy) updated on 04-22-2025

Severe cognitive developmental delay (Mental retardation) (3-6 years old)

id	Study   Auto Madley-Dowd_SE (Gabapentin) (Controls exposed to LTG), 2024Madley-Dowd_SE (Gabapentin) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2024Madley-Dowd_SE (Gabapentin) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2024Madley-Dowd_UK (Gabapentin) (Controls unexposed, sick) (Epilepsy), 2024	Lib. in paper	Exposition period  Auto during pregnancy (anytime or not specified)1st trimester2nd trimester3rd trimester2nd and/or 3rd trimesterthroughout pregnancyearly pregnancydays before deliverylate pregnancypreconception-onlypericonceptionalpreconceptional for kinetic reasonat least 1st trimester3 months (or more) before pregnancy or during pregnancy1st and 2nd trimester3 months or more before pregnancy or1st trimester	Study type  All studies Case control excluded Only case control	Control type    Auto unexposed (general population or NOS)unexposed, sickunexposed, disease freeexposed to other treatment, sicknot specifiedsiblingwhatever (meta-analysis)	Tags	OR 95%CI	x1/n1 x0/n0	no cases	no exposed	ROB	Ref.
S17428 R73202	Madley-Dowd_SE (Gabapentin) (Controls exposed to LTG), 2024	Intellectual disability (intelligence quotient below 70) - ICD-8/9/10 codes - Mean 5-20 years old (according groups_Followup Gabapentin 5.24 (3.05-9.34))	during pregnancy (anytime or not specified)	population based cohort retrospective	exposed to other treatment, sick excluded	Adjustment: No Partial overlapping	0.80 [0.05;13.28] C excluded (control group)	0/43   34/2,383	34	43		ref
S17399 R72948	Madley-Dowd_SE (Gabapentin) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2024	Intellectual disability (intelligence quotient below 70) - ICD-8/9/10 codes - Mean 5-20 years old (according groups _ Median follow up Gabapentin 5.24 (3.05-9.34) years old)	during pregnancy (anytime or not specified)	population based cohort retrospective	unexposed, sick	Adjustment: No	0.64 [0.04;10.43] C	0/43   194/10,769	194	43		ref
S17429 R73208	Madley-Dowd_SE (Gabapentin) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2024	Intellectual disability (intelligence quotient below 70) - ICD-8/9/10 codes - Mean 5-20 years old (according groups_Followup Gabapentin 5.24 (3.05-9.34))	during pregnancy (anytime or not specified)	population based cohort retrospective	unexposed, sick excluded	Adjustment: No Partial overlapping	0.64 [0.04;10.43] C excluded (control group)	0/43   194/10,769	194	43		ref
S17250 R72202	Madley-Dowd_UK (Gabapentin) (Controls unexposed, sick) (Epilepsy), 2024	Intellectual disability - ICD10 codes - Median 4.93 (3.11-7.46) years old	during pregnancy (anytime or not specified)	retrospective cohort (claims database)	unexposed, sick	Adjustment: No	8.60 [0.49;150.32] C	0/18   13/4,075	13	18		ref
					Total	2 studies	2.30 [0.18;29.32]		207	61
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

Sensitivity analysis

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 17428, 17429