Levetiracetam (Epilepsy) updated on 04-22-2025

Microcephaly / Small head circumference for gestational age

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type  Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S16084
R66747
Christensen (Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy) (Controls exposed to LTG), 2024 Microcephaly (z-score for head circumference ≤3rd percentile for gestational week, sex, and country (including newborns with congenital malformations)) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) population based cohort retrospective exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: No 1.02 [0.69;1.52] C
excluded (control group)
31/1,063   151/5,299 182 1,063
ref
S16038
R66572
Christensen (Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, general population), 2024 Microcephaly (z-score for head circumference ≤3rd percentile for gestational week, sex, and country (including newborns with congenital malformations)) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) population based cohort retrospective unexposed, sick Adjustment: Yes 0.86 [0.58;1.27] 31/1,063   699/22,227 730 1,063
ref
Total 1 studies 0.86 [0.58;1.27] 730 1,063
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Christensen (Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, general population), 2024Christensen, 2024 1 0.86[0.58; 1.27]7301,0630%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: lowROB classification: criticalROB missing: lowROB mesure: unclearROB reporting: moderate0.22.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, general population;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 0.86[0.58; 1.27]7301,063 -NAChristensen (Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, general population), 2024 1 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 0.86[0.58; 1.27]7301,063 -NAChristensen (Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, general population), 2024 1 Tags Adjustment   - Yes  - Yes 0.86[0.58; 1.27]7301,063 -NAChristensen (Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, general population), 2024 1 All studiesAll studies 0.86[0.58; 1.27]7301,063 -NAChristensen (Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, general population), 2024 10.210.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 16084

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 0.86[0.58; 1.27]7301,063 -NAChristensen (Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, general population), 2024 1 exposed to other treatment, sick controlsexposed to other treatment, sick controls 1.02[0.69; 1.52]1821,063 -NAChristensen (Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy) (Controls exposed to LTG), 2024 10.510.01.0