Levetiracetam (Epilepsy) updated on 04-22-2025

Learning disorders

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type  Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S19435
R82827
Honybun (Controls exposed to LTG) (Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy), 2026 Academic Outcomes: Word reading - Wide Range Achievement Test–Fifth Edition - Children aged 3–18 years (mean age about 10 years) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) prospective cohort exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: No extrapolated (cont. endpoint) 2.91 [0.81;10.50]
excluded (control group)
-/14   -/19 - 14
ref
S19439
R82870
Honybun (Controls unexposed, sick) (Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy), 2026 Academic Outcomes: Reading composite - Wide Range Achievement Test–Fifth Edition - Children aged 3–18 years (mean age about 10 years) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) prospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No extrapolated (cont. endpoint) 10.56 [2.29;48.71] -/14   -/13 - 14
ref
S19468
R83039
Straub (Controls unexposed, sick) (Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy), 2026 Learning difficulty - ICD-10 codes: F81.0, F81.2, F81.8x, R48.0 - Mean follow up (full cohort): 3.4 years during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) retrospective cohort (claims database) unexposed, sick Adjustment: Yes 1.01 [0.45;2.24] -/3,929   43/8,887 - 3,929
ref
Total 2 studies 2.97 [0.30;29.44] 0 3,943
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Honybun (Controls unexposed, sick) (Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy), 2026Honybun, 2026 1 10.56[2.29; 48.71]-1446%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: lowROB classification: moderateROB missing: criticalROB mesure: lowROB reporting: moderate Straub (Controls unexposed, sick) (Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy), 2026Straub, 2026 2 1.01[0.45; 2.24]-3,92954%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: lowROB classification: moderateROB missing: unclearROB mesure: criticalROB reporting: moderate Total (2 studies) I2 = 86% 2.97[0.30; 29.44]-3,9430.550.01.0ROB: A: confounding, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Controls unexposed, sick) (Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy; 2: Controls unexposed, sick) (Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 2.97[0.30; 29.44]-3,94386%NAHonybun (Controls unexposed, sick) (Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy), 2026 Straub (Controls unexposed, sick) (Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy), 2026 2 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 2.97[0.30; 29.44]-3,94386%NAHonybun (Controls unexposed, sick) (Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy), 2026 Straub (Controls unexposed, sick) (Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy), 2026 2 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 10.56[2.29; 48.70]-14 -NAHonybun (Controls unexposed, sick) (Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy), 2026 1   - Yes  - Yes 1.01[0.45; 2.25]-3,929 -NAStraub (Controls unexposed, sick) (Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy), 2026 1 extrapolated (cont. endpoint)extrapolated (cont. endpoint) 10.56[2.29; 48.70]-14 -NAHonybun (Controls unexposed, sick) (Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy), 2026 1 All studiesAll studies 2.97[0.30; 29.44]-3,94386%NAHonybun (Controls unexposed, sick) (Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy), 2026 Straub (Controls unexposed, sick) (Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy), 2026 20.550.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 19435

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 2.97[0.30; 29.44]343,94386%NAHonybun (Controls unexposed, sick) (Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy), 2026 Straub (Controls unexposed, sick) (Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy), 2026 2 exposed to other treatment, sick controlsexposed to other treatment, sick controls 2.91[0.81; 10.48]-14 -NAHonybun (Controls exposed to LTG) (Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy), 2026 10.510.01.0