Topiramate (Epilepsy) updated on 04-22-2025

Neuro-developmental disorders (as a whole)

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type  Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S12719
R47982
Bjørk (Topiramate) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2022 Neurodevelopmental Disorder (ND): any diagnoses of autism spectrum disorder (F84.0, F84.1, F84.5) or intellectual disability (F70, F71, F72, F73) plus F84.3, F84.4, F84.8, F84.9, F79 - Median follow up topiramate 5.7 (2.9-9.1) years old during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) population based cohort retrospective exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: No 2.61 [1.34;5.10] C
excluded (control group)
10/246   81/5,073 91 246
ref
S12720
R47985
Bjørk (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed NOS), 2022 Neurodevelopmental Disorder (ND): any diagnoses of autism spectrum disorder (F84.0, F84.1, F84.5) or intellectual disability (F70, F71, F72, F73) plus F84.3, F84.4, F84.8, F84.9, F79 - Median follow up topiramate 5.7 (2.9-9.1) years old during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) population based cohort retrospective unexposed (general population or NOS) excluded Adjustment: No 2.73 [1.45;5.14] C
excluded (control group)
10/246   68,295/4,463,879 68,305 246
ref
S12721
R47988
Bjørk (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2022 Neurodevelopmental Disorder (ND): any diagnoses of autism spectrum disorder (F84.0, F84.1, F84.5) or intellectual disability (F70, F71, F72, F73) plus F84.3, F84.4, F84.8, F84.9, F79 - Median follow up topiramate 5.7 (2.9-9.1) years old during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) population based cohort retrospective unexposed, sick Adjustment: Yes 2.13 [1.13;4.01] 10/246   443/21,634 453 246
ref
S6251
R16646
Arkilo (Topiramate), 2015 Abnormal development (At 2 years of age, assessed by developmental specialists) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) retrospective cohort exposed to other treatment, sick Adjustment: No 2.87 [0.09;91.05] C 0/2   2/24 2 2
ref
Total 2 studies 2.15 [1.15;4.01] 455 248
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Bjørk (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2022Bjørk, 2022 1 2.13[1.13; 4.01]45324697%ROB confusion: moderateROB selection: lowROB classification: moderateROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Arkilo (Topiramate), 2015Arkilo, 2015 2 2.87[0.09; 91.05]223%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: criticalROB classification: criticalROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Total (2 studies) I2 = 0% 2.15[1.15; 4.01]4552480.910.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, sick; 2: Topiramate;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 2.15[1.15; 4.01]4552480%NABjørk (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2022 Arkilo (Topiramate), 2015 2 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 2.13[1.13; 4.01]453246 -NABjørk (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2022 1 exposed to other treatment, sickexposed to other treatment, sick 2.87[0.09; 91.05]22 -NAArkilo (Topiramate), 2015 1 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 2.87[0.09; 91.05]22 -NAArkilo (Topiramate), 2015 1   - Yes  - Yes 2.13[1.13; 4.01]453246 -NABjørk (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2022 1 All studiesAll studies 2.15[1.15; 4.01]4552480%NABjørk (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2022 Arkilo (Topiramate), 2015 20.510.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 12719, 12720

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 2.73[1.45; 5.14]68,305246 -NABjørk (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed NOS), 2022 1 unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 2.13[1.13; 4.01]453246 -NABjørk (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2022 1 exposed to other treatment, sick controlsexposed to other treatment, sick controls 2.62[1.36; 5.06]932480%NABjørk (Topiramate) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2022 Arkilo (Topiramate), 2015 20.510.01.0