Topiramate (Epilepsy) updated on 04-22-2025

Severe cognitive developmental delay (Mental retardation) (3-6 years old)

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S17255
R72217		 Madley-Dowd_UK (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, sick) (Epilepsy), 2024 Intellectual disability - ICD10 codes - Median follow up 5.41 (3.59-8.40) years old during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) retrospective cohort (claims database) unexposed, sick Adjustment: No 3.54 [0.21;60.51] C 0/43   13/4,075 13 43
ref
S12721
R73430		 Bjørk (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2022 Diagnosis of intellectual disability (ID): mild ID (F70), moderate ID (F71), severe ID (F72), and profound ID (F73) - Median follow up topiramate 5.7 (2.9-9.1) years old during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) population based cohort retrospective unexposed, sick Adjustment: Yes 3.47 [1.40;8.63] -/246   139/21,634 - 246
ref
Total 2 studies 3.48 [1.46;8.27] 13 289
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Madley-Dowd_UK (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, sick) (Epilepsy), 2024Madley-Dowd_UK, 2024 1 3.54[0.21; 60.51]13439%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: lowROB classification: criticalROB missing: unclearROB mesure: criticalROB reporting: moderate Bjørk (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2022Bjørk, 2022 2 3.47[1.40; 8.63]-24691%ROB confusion: moderateROB selection: lowROB classification: criticalROB missing: unclearROB mesure: criticalROB reporting: moderate Total (2 studies) I2 = 0% 3.48[1.46; 8.27]132890.910.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, sick) (Epilepsy; 2: Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, sick;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 3.48[1.46; 8.27]132890%NAMadley-Dowd_UK (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, sick) (Epilepsy), 2024 Bjørk (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2022 2 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 3.48[1.46; 8.27]132890%NAMadley-Dowd_UK (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, sick) (Epilepsy), 2024 Bjørk (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2022 2 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 3.54[0.21; 60.51]1343 -NAMadley-Dowd_UK (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, sick) (Epilepsy), 2024 1   - Yes  - Yes 3.47[1.40; 8.62]-246 -NABjørk (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2022 1 All studiesAll studies 3.48[1.46; 8.27]132890%NAMadley-Dowd_UK (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, sick) (Epilepsy), 2024 Bjørk (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2022 20.510.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 3.48[1.46; 8.27]1432890%NAMadley-Dowd_UK (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, sick) (Epilepsy), 2024 Bjørk (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2022 20.510.01.0