Topiramate (Epilepsy)

ASD (Autism spectrum disorder): Diagnosis/Risk

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type  Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S15875
R65448
Dreier (Topiramate) (Epilepsy) (Controls exposed to LTG), 2023 Autism spectrum disorder - Corresponding ICD-10 F-chapter - Up to 22 years of age during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) population based cohort propective exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: No 2.32 [1.10;4.88] C
excluded (control group)
8/290   64/5,288 72 290
ref
S15876
R65457
Dreier (Topiramate) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 Autism spectrum disorder - Corresponding ICD-10 F-chapter - Up to 22 years of age during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) population based cohort propective unexposed, sick Adjustment: Yes 1.93 [0.95;3.94] 8/290   323/22,203 331 290
ref
S9960
R48036
Bjørk (Topiramate) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2018 Autistic traits at 18 months and/or at 36 months (M-CHAT <2/6 critical or <3/23 or SCQ >13) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) population based cohort propective exposed to other treatment, sick excluded Adjustment: No 0.97 [0.10;9.00] C
excluded (control group)
1/6   13/76 14 6
ref
S9955
R48037
Bjørk (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2018 Autistic traits at 18 months and/or at 36 months (M-CHAT <2/6 critical or <3/23 or SCQ >13) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) population based cohort propective unexposed, disease free excluded Adjustment: No 1.99 [0.23;17.00] C
excluded (control group)
1/6   6,907/75,497 6,908 6
ref
S9957
R48038
Bjørk (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2018 Autistic traits at 18 months and/or at 36 months (M-CHAT <2/6 critical or <3/23 or SCQ >13) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) population based cohort propective unexposed, sick Adjustment: No 1.81 [0.20;16.11] C 1/6   27/272 28 6
ref
S6183
R48028
Wood (Topiramate), 2015 Score >30 (CARS) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) prospective cohort exposed to other treatment, sick Adjustment: No 17.00 [0.13;2166.90] C 0/1   0/9 0 1
ref
Total 3 studies 2.00 [1.02;3.91] 359 297
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Dreier (Topiramate) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023Dreier, 2023 1 1.93[0.95; 3.94]33129089%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: lowROB classification: criticalROB missing: lowROB mesure: criticalROB reporting: moderate Bjørk (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2018Bjørk, 2018 2 1.81[0.20; 16.11]2869%ROB confusion: unclearROB selection: lowROB classification: lowROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Wood (Topiramate), 2015Wood, 2015 3 17.00[0.13; 2166.90]012%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: lowROB classification: moderateROB missing: criticalROB mesure: lowROB reporting: moderate Total (3 studies) I2 = 0% 2.00[1.02; 3.91]3592970.550.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Topiramate) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick; 2: Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, sick; 3: Topiramate;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 2.00[1.02; 3.91]3592970%NADreier (Topiramate) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 Bjørk (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2018 Wood (Topiramate), 2015 3 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 1.92[0.98; 3.77]3592960%NADreier (Topiramate) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 Bjørk (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2018 2 exposed to other treatment, sickexposed to other treatment, sick 17.00[0.13; 2166.90]-1 -NAWood (Topiramate), 2015 1 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 2.65[0.36; 19.38]2870%NABjørk (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2018 Wood (Topiramate), 2015 2   - Yes  - Yes 1.93[0.95; 3.93]331290 -NADreier (Topiramate) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 1 All studiesAll studies 2.00[1.02; 3.91]3592970%NADreier (Topiramate) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 Bjørk (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2018 Wood (Topiramate), 2015 30.550.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 9960, 9955, 15875

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 1.99[0.23; 17.00]6,9086 -NABjørk (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2018 1 unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 1.92[0.98; 3.77]3592960%NADreier (Topiramate) (Epilepsy) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2023 Bjørk (Topiramate) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2018 2 exposed to other treatment, sick controlsexposed to other treatment, sick controls 2.22[1.10; 4.46]862970%NADreier (Topiramate) (Epilepsy) (Controls exposed to LTG), 2023 Bjørk (Topiramate) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2018 Wood (Topiramate), 2015 30.510.01.0