Lamotrigine (Epilepsy) updated on 04-22-2025

ASD (Autism spectrum disorder): Risk

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S9930
R35688		 Bjørk (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2018 Autistic traits at 18 months and/or at 36 months (M-CHAT <2/6 critical or <3/23 or SCQ >13) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) population based cohort propective unexposed, disease free excluded Adjustment: No 2.05 [1.13;3.72] C
excluded (control group) 		13/76   6,907/75,497 6,920 76
ref
S9974
R35857		 Bjørk (Controls unexposed, sick), 2018 Autistic traits at 18 months and/or at 36 months (M-CHAT <2/6 critical or <3/23 or SCQ >13) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) population based cohort propective unexposed, sick Adjustment: No 1.87 [0.91;3.84] C 13/76   27/272 40 76
ref
S7964
R24614		 Cohen-Israel, 2018 Autism - Medical files and by a telephone interview using an ad-hoc questionnaire - A majority between 6-12 years old 1st trimester retrospective cohort unexposed, disease free Adjustment: No Matched 0.33 [0.01;8.20] C 0/83   1/83 1 83
ref
Total 2 studies 1.64 [0.66;4.06] 41 159
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Bjørk (Controls unexposed, sick), 2018Bjørk, 2018 1 1.87[0.91; 3.84]407692%ROB confusion: unclearROB selection: lowROB classification: lowROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Cohen-Israel, 2018Cohen-Israel, 2018 0.33[0.01; 8.20]1838%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: criticalROB classification: criticalROB missing: unclearROB mesure: criticalROB reporting: moderate Total (2 studies) I2 = 6% 1.64[0.66; 4.06]411590.25.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Controls unexposed, sick;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 1.64[0.66; 4.06]411596%NABjørk (Controls unexposed, sick), 2018 Cohen-Israel, 2018 2 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 0.33[0.01; 8.20]183 -NACohen-Israel, 2018 1 unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 1.87[0.91; 3.84]4076 -NABjørk (Controls unexposed, sick), 2018 1 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 1.64[0.66; 4.06]411596%NABjørk (Controls unexposed, sick), 2018 Cohen-Israel, 2018 2 MatchedMatched 0.33[0.01; 8.20]183 -NACohen-Israel, 2018 1 All studiesAll studies 1.64[0.66; 4.06]411596%NABjørk (Controls unexposed, sick), 2018 Cohen-Israel, 2018 20.15.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 9930

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 1.67[0.54; 5.16]6,92115917%NABjørk (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2018 Cohen-Israel, 2018 2 unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 1.87[0.91; 3.84]4076 -NABjørk (Controls unexposed, sick), 2018 10.510.01.0