Lamotrigine (Epilepsy) updated on 04-22-2025

Intrauterine deaths (as a whole or unspecified)

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S16769
R70437		 Vajda, 2024 Intra uterine foetal death (including both spontaneous abortions and stillbirths, but not elective termination) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) prospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No 9.88 [0.58;169.82] C 10/326   0/149 10 326
ref
S7494
R22418		 Meador (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2020 Fetal loss (Spontaneous miscarriages and fetal death) 1st trimester prospective cohort unexposed, disease free excluded Adjustment: No 6.74 [0.34;132.16] C
excluded (control group) 		3/113   0/106 3 113
ref
S7500
R22436		 Meador (Controls unexposed, sick), 2020 Fetal loss (Spontaneous miscarriages and fetal death) 1st trimester prospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No 0.93 [0.05;18.87] C 3/113   0/15 3 113
ref
S8061
R24567		 Trivedi, 2018 Spontaneous fetal loss (both spontaneous abortion before 20 weeks of gestation and stillbirths occurring after 20 weeks of gestation) 1st trimester prospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: Yes 13.33 [1.41;125.78] 4/48   5/178 9 48
ref
S5546
R18856		 Miškov (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2016 Fetal loss during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) prospective cohort unexposed, disease free excluded Adjustment: No 35.31 [1.85;672.61] C
excluded (control group) 		4/37   0/128 4 37
ref
S7411
R21808		 Miškov (Controls unexposed, sick), 2016 Fetal loss during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) prospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No 0.97 [0.04;22.01] C 4/37   0/4 4 37
ref
Total 4 studies 4.27 [1.04;17.51] 26 524
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Vajda, 2024Vajda, 2024 9.88[0.58; 169.82]1032623%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: criticalROB classification: unclearROB missing: unclearROB mesure: criticalROB reporting: moderate Meador (Controls unexposed, sick), 2020Meador, 2020 1 0.93[0.05; 18.87]311321%ROB confusion: unclearROB selection: lowROB classification: lowROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: low Trivedi, 2018Trivedi, 2018 13.33[1.41; 125.78]94836%ROB confusion: NAROB selection: NAROB classification: NAROB missing: NAROB mesure: NAROB reporting: NA Miškov (Controls unexposed, sick), 2016Miškov, 2016 2 0.97[0.04; 22.01]43720%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: lowROB classification: moderateROB missing: criticalROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Total (4 studies) I2 = 6% 4.27[1.04; 17.51]265240.250.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Controls unexposed, sick; 2: Controls unexposed, sick;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 4.27[1.04; 17.51]265246%NAVajda, 2024 Meador (Controls unexposed, sick), 2020 Trivedi, 2018 Miškov (Controls unexposed, sick), 2016 4 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 4.27[1.04; 17.51]265246%NAVajda, 2024 Meador (Controls unexposed, sick), 2020 Trivedi, 2018 Miškov (Controls unexposed, sick), 2016 4 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 2.24[0.40; 12.58]174760%NAVajda, 2024 Meador (Controls unexposed, sick), 2020 Miškov (Controls unexposed, sick), 2016 3   - Yes  - Yes 13.33[1.41; 125.90]948 -NATrivedi, 2018 1 All studiesAll studies 4.27[1.04; 17.51]265246%NAVajda, 2024 Meador (Controls unexposed, sick), 2020 Trivedi, 2018 Miškov (Controls unexposed, sick), 2016 40.250.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot
0.0-3.75.21.9120.000Vajda, 2024Meador (Controls unexposed, sick), 2020Trivedi, 2018Miškov (Controls unexposed, sick), 2016

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot
0.01.00.01.0

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 5546, 7494

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) Out of scale15.55[1.92; 126.23]71500%NAMeador (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2020 Miškov (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2016 2 unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 4.27[1.04; 17.51]265246%NAVajda, 2024 Meador (Controls unexposed, sick), 2020 Trivedi, 2018 Miškov (Controls unexposed, sick), 2016 40.510.01.0

Umbrella review (other published meta-analyses)

Published MAControlPeriodTE95% CIn exposedkI2 Veroniki (NMA) (Combined fetal losses)Veroniki (NMA) (Combined fetal losses) 1.38[0.70; 2.88]-Wwhatever (meta-analysis)Anyduring pregnancy (anytime or not specified)studies TTT8 metaPregmetaPreg 4.27[1.04; 17.51]6%524----Vajda, 2024 Meador (Controls unexposed, sick), 2020 Trivedi, 2018 Miškov (Controls unexposed, sick), 2016 40.510.01.0