Phenobarbital (Epilepsy)

Neural Tube Defects

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S7660
R22662		 Tomson (Phenobarbital), 2018 Neural tube defects at least 1st trimester prospective cohort exposed to other treatment, sick Adjustment: No 17.21 [1.56;190.41] C 2/294   1/2,514 3 294
ref
S5941
R23804		 Hernández-Díaz (Phenobarbital) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2012 Neural tube defects 1st trimester prospective cohort exposed to other treatment, sick Adjustment: No Controls: mixed indications 1.57 [0.08;32.85] C 0/199   2/1,562 2 199
ref
S6500
R17851		 Bànhidy (Phenobarbital), 2011 Neural tube defects throughout pregnancy case control unexposed, sick Adjustment: No Matched 19.00 [0.15;2409.97] C 0/   1/11 1 0
ref
S7171
R20096		 Canger (Phenobarbital), 1999 Neural tube defects 1st trimester prospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No 0.30 [0.01;15.36] C 0/83   0/25 0 83
ref
Total 4 studies 4.12 [0.63;26.77] 6 576
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Tomson (Phenobarbital), 2018Tomson, 2018 1 17.21[1.56; 190.41]329440%ROB confusion: NAROB selection: NAROB classification: NAROB missing: NAROB mesure: NAROB reporting: NA Hernández-Díaz (Phenobarbital) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2012Hernández-Díaz, 2012 2 1.57[0.08; 32.85]219928%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: moderateROB classification: moderateROB missing: moderateROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Bànhidy (Phenobarbital), 2011Bànhidy, 2011 3 19.00[0.15; 2409.97]1-13%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: criticalROB classification: lowROB missing: lowROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Canger (Phenobarbital), 1999Canger, 1999 4 0.30[0.01; 15.36]08319%ROB confusion: NAROB selection: NAROB classification: NAROB missing: NAROB mesure: NAROB reporting: NA Total (4 studies) I2 = 21% 4.12[0.63; 26.77]65760.250.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Phenobarbital; 2: Phenobarbital) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick; 3: Phenobarbital; 4: Phenobarbital;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 2.92[0.29; 29.59]557642%NATomson (Phenobarbital), 2018 Hernández-Díaz (Phenobarbital) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2012 Canger (Phenobarbital), 1999 3 case control studiescase control studies 19.00[0.15; 2409.97]1- -NABànhidy (Phenobarbital), 2011 1 Type of controls unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 1.86[0.03; 106.16]18341%NABànhidy (Phenobarbital), 2011 Canger (Phenobarbital), 1999 2 exposed to other treatment, sickexposed to other treatment, sick 6.28[0.62; 63.67]549332%NATomson (Phenobarbital), 2018 Hernández-Díaz (Phenobarbital) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2012 2 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 4.12[0.63; 26.77]657621%NATomson (Phenobarbital), 2018 Hernández-Díaz (Phenobarbital) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2012 Bànhidy (Phenobarbital), 2011 Canger (Phenobarbital), 1999 4 Controls   - mixed indications  - mixed indications 1.57[0.08; 32.85]2199 -NAHernández-Díaz (Phenobarbital) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2012 1 MatchedMatched 19.00[0.15; 2409.97]1- -NABànhidy (Phenobarbital), 2011 1 All studiesAll studies 4.12[0.63; 26.77]657621%NATomson (Phenobarbital), 2018 Hernández-Díaz (Phenobarbital) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2012 Bànhidy (Phenobarbital), 2011 Canger (Phenobarbital), 1999 40.150.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot
0.0-5.87.22.9650.000Tomson (Phenobarbital), 2018Hernández-Díaz (Phenobarbital) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2012Bànhidy (Phenobarbital), 2011Canger (Phenobarbital), 1999

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot
0.01.00.01.0

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 1.86[0.03; 106.16]18341%NABànhidy (Phenobarbital), 2011 Canger (Phenobarbital), 1999 2 exposed to other treatment, sick controlsexposed to other treatment, sick controls 6.28[0.62; 63.67]549332%NATomson (Phenobarbital), 2018 Hernández-Díaz (Phenobarbital) (Controls exposed to Lamotrigine, sick), 2012 20.510.01.0