| id | Study | Lib. in paper | Exposition period | Study type |
Control type |
Tags | OR 95%CI | x1/n1 x0/n0 | no cases | no exposed | ROB | Ref. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S8658 R29155 |
Holmes (Phenobarbital) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 2001 | Microcephaly at birth (Head circumference more than 2 SD below the mean value for the same race, sex and gestational age) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | retrospective cohort | unexposed, disease free excluded | Adjustment: No |
3.18 [0.82;12.31] C excluded (control group) |
3/62 8/508 | 11 | 62 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S8659 R29164 |
Holmes (Phenobarbital) (Controls unexposed, sick), 2001 | Microcephaly at birth (Head circumference more than 2 SD below the mean value for the same race, sex and gestational age) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | retrospective cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No | 2.39 [0.39;14.73] C | 3/62 2/96 | 5 | 62 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S8701 R29330 |
Battino (Phenobarbital or Primidone), 1999 | Small head circumferences (at birth < 10th percentile) | throughout pregnancy | prospective cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No | 2.01 [0.56;7.25] C | 21/115 3/30 | 24 | 115 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S8702 R29331 |
Díaz-Romero (Phenobarbital), 1999 | Head circumference <2 SD at birth (measured by a physician and correlated with sex and with gestational age) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No | 5.00 [0.07;366.35] C | 0/2 0/8 | 0 | 2 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S8677 R29224 |
Dravet (Phenobarbital), 1992 | Isolated microcephaly at birth (head circumference >2 SD lower than those given in the reference tables adjusted for gestational age at birth) | 1st trimester | prospective cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No | 3.55 [0.42;29.89] C | 12/56 1/14 | 13 | 56 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| S8680 R29229 |
Kelly (Phenobarbital), 1984 | Microcephaly at unknown age (head circumference < 5th centile) | during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) | prospective cohort | unexposed, sick | Adjustment: No | 3.64 [0.30;44.78] C | 2/13 1/21 | 3 | 13 |
|
ref | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Total | 5 studies | 2.55 [1.08;6.05] | 45 | 248 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1: Phenobarbital) (Controls unexposed, sick; 2: Phenobarbital or Primidone; 3: Phenobarbital; 4: Phenobarbital; 5: Phenobarbital;
Asymetry test p-value = 0.0293 (by Egger's regression)
slope=0.2499 (0.1865); intercept=0.7444 (0.1895); t=3.9292; p=0.0293
excluded 8658