Primidone AND Phenobarbital (Epilepsy) - Medication and Pregnancy KB

Primidone AND Phenobarbital (Epilepsy) updated on 04-22-2025

Minor congenital malformations

R analysis

id	Study	Lib. in paper	Exposition period	Study type All studies Case control excluded Only case control	Control type	Tags	OR 95%CI	x1/n1 x0/n0	no cases	no exposed	ROB	Ref.
S8652 R29100	Dean (Phenobarbital or Primidone), 2002	Minor congenital malformations	at least 1st trimester	retrospective cohort	unexposed, sick	Adjustment: No	3.80 [1.30;11.08] ^C	23/63 5/38	28	63		ref
S8672 R29211	Battino (Phenobarbital or Primidone) , 1992	Minor anomalies	1st trimester	prospective cohort	unexposed, sick	Adjustment: No	3.22 [0.18;58.97] ^C	14/91 0/9	14	91		ref
S8714 R29415	Van der Pol (Phenobarbital) (Controls unexposed, disease free), 1991	Waldrop score >2	throughout pregnancy	prospective cohort	unexposed, disease free excluded	Adjustment: No Matched	4.50 [1.20;16.89] ^C excluded (control group)	6/12 10/55	16	12		ref
S8715 R29440	Van der Pol (Phenobarbital) (Controls unexposed, sick), 1991	Waldrop score >2	throughout pregnancy	prospective cohort	unexposed, sick	Adjustment: No	1.20 [0.29;4.91] ^C	6/12 10/22	16	12		ref
S8687 R29298	Robert (Phenobarbital), 1986	Minor malformations	1st trimester	retrospective cohort	unexposed, sick	Adjustment: No	0.86 [0.20;3.73] ^C	4/40 4/35	8	40		ref
					Total	4 studies	1.93 [0.91;4.11]		66	206
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; ^C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

1: Phenobarbital or Primidone; 2: Phenobarbital or Primidone; 3: Phenobarbital) (Controls unexposed, sick; 4: Phenobarbital;

Sensitivity analysis

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 8714