Lamotrigine (All indications)

ADHD (Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder): Risk

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S8951
R30261		 Richards (Lamotrigine) (Indications NOS), 2019 The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire - parent-completed (SDQP) Hyperactivity ≥7 (at 4 years old) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) population based cohort retrospective unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes 2.15 [1.21;3.81] 13/149   11,841/286,966 11,854 149
ref
S8952
R30294		 Rihtman (Lamotrigine), 2013 Conners’ Parent - ADHD Index (Preschool children: mean age 4-5y) at least 1st trimester prospective cohort unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: No extrapolated (cont. endpoint) 1.21 [0.57;2.56] -/39   -/52 - 39
ref
S8953
R30308		 Veiby (Lamotrigine) (Controls unexposed, disease free) b, 2013 ADHD symptoms ≥ 2SD (at 36 months) (Specific checklist) (Parent-reported) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) prospective cohort unexposed, disease free excluded Adjustment: No 1.50 [0.40;4.80]
excluded (control group) 		3/44   1,743/43,571 1,746 44
ref
S8954
R30322		 Veiby (Lamotrigine) (Controls unexposed, sick) b, 2013 ADHD symptoms ≥ 2SD (at 36 months) (Specific checklist) (Parent-reported) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) prospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No 2.74 [0.59;12.75] C 3/44   4/154 7 44
ref
Total 3 studies 1.81 [1.17;2.79] 11,861 232
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Richards (Lamotrigine) (Indications NOS), 2019Richards, 2019 1 2.15[1.21; 3.81]11,85414958%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: lowROB classification: moderateROB missing: criticalROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Rihtman (Lamotrigine), 2013Rihtman, 2013 2 1.21[0.57; 2.56]-3934%ROB confusion: moderateROB selection: moderateROB classification: moderateROB missing: lowROB mesure: criticalROB reporting: moderate Veiby (Lamotrigine) (Controls unexposed, sick) b, 2013Veiby, 2013 3 2.74[0.59; 12.75]7448%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: lowROB classification: lowROB missing: moderateROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Total (3 studies) I2 = 0% 1.81[1.17; 2.79]11,8612320.510.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Lamotrigine) (Indications NOS; 2: Lamotrigine; 3: Lamotrigine) (Controls unexposed, sick) ;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 1.81[1.17; 2.79]11,8612320%NARichards (Lamotrigine) (Indications NOS), 2019 Rihtman (Lamotrigine), 2013 Veiby (Lamotrigine) (Controls unexposed, sick) b, 2013 3 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 1.70[0.98; 2.96]11,85418830%NARichards (Lamotrigine) (Indications NOS), 2019 Rihtman (Lamotrigine), 2013 2 unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 2.74[0.59; 12.75]744 -NAVeiby (Lamotrigine) (Controls unexposed, sick) b, 2013 1 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 1.42[0.72; 2.78]7830%NARihtman (Lamotrigine), 2013 Veiby (Lamotrigine) (Controls unexposed, sick) b, 2013 2   - Yes  - Yes 2.15[1.21; 3.82]11,854149 -NARichards (Lamotrigine) (Indications NOS), 2019 1 extrapolated (cont. endpoint)extrapolated (cont. endpoint) 1.21[0.57; 2.56]-39 -NARihtman (Lamotrigine), 2013 1 All studiesAll studies 1.81[1.17; 2.79]11,8612320%NARichards (Lamotrigine) (Indications NOS), 2019 Rihtman (Lamotrigine), 2013 Veiby (Lamotrigine) (Controls unexposed, sick) b, 2013 30.510.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded 8953

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 1.71[1.11; 2.62]13,6002320%NARichards (Lamotrigine) (Indications NOS), 2019 Rihtman (Lamotrigine), 2013 Veiby (Lamotrigine) (Controls unexposed, disease free) b, 2013 3 unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 2.74[0.59; 12.75]744 -NAVeiby (Lamotrigine) (Controls unexposed, sick) b, 2013 10.510.01.0