Lamotrigine (All indications) updated on 04-22-2025

Learning disorders

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S19385
R82322		 Honybun (Lamotrigine) (Epilepsy), 2026 Academic Outcomes: Reading composite - Wide Range Achievement Test–Fifth Edition - Children aged 3–18 years (mean age about 10 years) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) prospective cohort unexposed, sick Adjustment: No extrapolated (cont. endpoint) 5.10 [1.32;19.66] -/19   -/13 - 19
ref
S19371
R82159		 Straub (Lamotrigine) (Epilepsy), 2026 Learning difficulty - ICD-10 codes: F81.0, F81.2, F81.8x, R48.0 - Mean follow up (full cohort): 3.4 years during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) retrospective cohort (claims database) unexposed, sick Adjustment: Yes 0.96 [0.47;1.96] 12/3,273   43/8,887 55 3,273
ref
S15249
R62696		 Ren (Lamotrigine) (Mixed indications), 2023 Danish at 9th grade - Mean age 16.1 (SD 0.4) years during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) population based cohort propective unexposed (general population or NOS) Adjustment: Yes extrapolated (cont. endpoint) 0.91 [0.74;1.13] -/192   -/370,569 - 192
ref
S8941
R30224		 Cohen-Israel (Lamotrigine), 2018 Learning disabilities (a majority between 6-12 years old) 1st trimester retrospective cohort unexposed, disease free Adjustment: No Matched 1.27 [0.33;4.89] C 5/83   4/83 9 83
ref
Total 4 studies 1.19 [0.69;2.07] 64 3,567
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Honybun (Lamotrigine) (Epilepsy), 2026Honybun, 2026 1 5.10[1.32; 19.66]-1912%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: lowROB classification: moderateROB missing: criticalROB mesure: lowROB reporting: moderate Straub (Lamotrigine) (Epilepsy), 2026Straub, 2026 2 0.96[0.47; 1.96]553,27327%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: lowROB classification: moderateROB missing: unclearROB mesure: criticalROB reporting: moderate Ren (Lamotrigine) (Mixed indications), 2023Ren, 2023 3 0.91[0.74; 1.13]-19248%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: moderateROB classification: criticalROB missing: unclearROB mesure: moderateROB reporting: moderate Cohen-Israel (Lamotrigine), 2018Cohen-Israel, 2018 4 1.27[0.33; 4.89]98312%ROB confusion: criticalROB selection: moderateROB classification: criticalROB missing: unclearROB mesure: criticalROB reporting: moderate Total (4 studies) I2 = 52% 1.19[0.69; 2.07]643,5670.220.01.0ROB: A: confounding, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Lamotrigine) (Epilepsy; 2: Lamotrigine) (Epilepsy; 3: Lamotrigine) (Mixed indications; 4: Lamotrigine;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 1.19[0.69; 2.07]643,56752%NAHonybun (Lamotrigine) (Epilepsy), 2026 Straub (Lamotrigine) (Epilepsy), 2026 Ren (Lamotrigine) (Mixed indications), 2023 Cohen-Israel (Lamotrigine), 2018 4 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed (disease free or unspecified)unexposed (disease free or unspecified) 0.92[0.74; 1.13]92750%NARen (Lamotrigine) (Mixed indications), 2023 Cohen-Israel (Lamotrigine), 2018 2 unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 2.00[0.39; 10.14]553,29278%NAHonybun (Lamotrigine) (Epilepsy), 2026 Straub (Lamotrigine) (Epilepsy), 2026 2 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 2.54[0.65; 9.96]910251%NAHonybun (Lamotrigine) (Epilepsy), 2026 Cohen-Israel (Lamotrigine), 2018 2   - Yes  - Yes 0.91[0.75; 1.12]553,4650%NAStraub (Lamotrigine) (Epilepsy), 2026 Ren (Lamotrigine) (Mixed indications), 2023 2 extrapolated (cont. endpoint)extrapolated (cont. endpoint) 1.88[0.36; 9.99]-21184%NAHonybun (Lamotrigine) (Epilepsy), 2026 Ren (Lamotrigine) (Mixed indications), 2023 2 MatchedMatched 1.27[0.33; 4.89]983 -NACohen-Israel (Lamotrigine), 2018 1 All studiesAll studies 1.19[0.69; 2.07]643,56752%NAHonybun (Lamotrigine) (Epilepsy), 2026 Straub (Lamotrigine) (Epilepsy), 2026 Ren (Lamotrigine) (Mixed indications), 2023 Cohen-Israel (Lamotrigine), 2018 40.220.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot
0.0-2.02.00.8270.000Honybun (Lamotrigine) (Epilepsy), 2026Straub (Lamotrigine) (Epilepsy), 2026Ren (Lamotrigine) (Mixed indications), 2023Cohen-Israel (Lamotrigine), 2018

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot
0.01.00.01.0

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified)unexposed controls (disease free or unspecified) 0.92[0.74; 1.13]92750%NARen (Lamotrigine) (Mixed indications), 2023 Cohen-Israel (Lamotrigine), 2018 2 unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 2.00[0.39; 10.14]553,29278%NAHonybun (Lamotrigine) (Epilepsy), 2026 Straub (Lamotrigine) (Epilepsy), 2026 20.510.01.0

Umbrella review (other published meta-analyses)

Published MAControlPeriodTE95% CIn exposedkI2 Peron (Epilepsy) (Learning disorders)Peron (Epilepsy) (Learning disorders) 1.45[0.82; 2.54]0%-Wwhatever (meta-analysis)Anyduring pregnancy (anytime or not specified)studies TTT2 metaPregmetaPreg 1.19[0.69; 2.07]52%3,567----Honybun (Lamotrigine) (Epilepsy), 2026 Straub (Lamotrigine) (Epilepsy), 2026 Ren (Lamotrigine) (Mixed indications), 2023 Cohen-Israel (Lamotrigine), 2018 40.510.01.0