Levetiracetam (All indications) updated on 04-22-2025

Cognitive developmental disorders/delay (> 6 years old)

R analysis
id Study   Lib. in paper Exposition period    Study type 
 Control type 
 
Tags OR 95%CI x1/n1 x0/n0 no cases no exposed ROB Ref.
S16562
R69603		 Stjerna (Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy), 2024 Full scale intelligence quotient (FSIQ continuous) - The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-III) - At 6-7 years old throughout pregnancy retrospective cohort exposed to other treatment, sick Adjustment: Yes extrapolated (cont. endpoint) 1.23 [0.46;3.29] -/16   -/74 - 16
ref
S9018
R53771		 Bromley (Levetiracetam), 2016 Full-scale IQ <85 (Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI) / Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC)) (5-9 years old) during pregnancy (anytime or not specified) retrospective cohort (registry) unexposed, sick Adjustment: No 2.34 [0.53;10.42] C 5/42   3/55 8 42
ref
Total 2 studies 1.50 [0.66;3.40] 8 58
x1: number of endpoints among exposed, n1: number of exposed; x0: number of endpoints among non exposed, n0: number of non exposed; C: calculated odds ratio from numbers of events and effectives

Forest plot

StudyTE95% CIn casesn exposedweightROBABCDEF Stjerna (Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy), 2024Stjerna, 2024 1 1.23[0.46; 3.29]-1670%ROB confusion: seriousROB selection: unclearROB classification: moderateROB missing: lowROB mesure: lowROB reporting: moderate Bromley (Levetiracetam), 2016Bromley, 2016 2 2.34[0.53; 10.42]84230%ROB confusion: NAROB selection: NAROB classification: NAROB missing: NAROB mesure: NAROB reporting: NA Total (2 studies) I2 = 0% 1.50[0.66; 3.40]8580.55.01.0ROB: A: confusion, B: selection, C: classification, D: missing, E: measurement, F: reportinglow,moderate,serious,critical,unclear,

1: Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy; 2: Levetiracetam;

Sensitivity analysis

SubsetTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2 Type of studies cohort studiescohort studies 1.50[0.66; 3.40]8580%NAStjerna (Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy), 2024 Bromley (Levetiracetam), 2016 2 case control studiescase control studies 0 Type of controls unexposed, sickunexposed, sick 2.34[0.53; 10.42]842 -NABromley (Levetiracetam), 2016 1 exposed to other treatment, sickexposed to other treatment, sick 1.23[0.46; 3.29]-16 -NAStjerna (Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy), 2024 1 Tags Adjustment   - No  - No 2.34[0.53; 10.42]842 -NABromley (Levetiracetam), 2016 1   - Yes  - Yes 1.23[0.46; 3.29]-16 -NAStjerna (Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy), 2024 1 extrapolated (cont. endpoint)extrapolated (cont. endpoint) 1.23[0.46; 3.29]-16 -NAStjerna (Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy), 2024 1 All studiesAll studies 1.50[0.66; 3.40]8580%NAStjerna (Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy), 2024 Bromley (Levetiracetam), 2016 20.55.01.0

Publication bias and p-hacking diagnosis

funnel plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Asymetry test p-value = NaN (by Egger's regression)

not enought points

p values plot

Funnel plot not drawn. Less than 3 points.

Sub-groups analysis using all included studies

excluded

Sub-groupsTE95% CIn casesn exposedkI2ROB type of controls unexposed, sick controlsunexposed, sick controls 2.34[0.53; 10.42]842 -NABromley (Levetiracetam), 2016 1 exposed to other treatment, sick controlsexposed to other treatment, sick controls 1.23[0.46; 3.29]-16 -NAStjerna (Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy), 2024 10.510.01.0

Umbrella review (other published meta-analyses)

Published MAControlPeriodTE95% CIn exposedkI2 Veroniki b (NMA) (Cognitive developmental delay)Veroniki b (NMA) (Cognitive developmental delay) 3.42[0.65; 16.40]NA-Wwhatever (meta-analysis)Anyduring pregnancy (anytime or not specified)studies TTT-9 metaPregmetaPreg 1.50[0.66; 3.40]0%58----Stjerna (Levetiracetam) (Epilepsy), 2024 Bromley (Levetiracetam), 2016 20.510.01.0